Role of Regulatory T Cells (Treg) and the Treg Effector Molecule Fibrinogen-like Protein 2 in Alloimmunity and Autoimmunity.
Role of Regulatory T Cells (Treg) and the Treg Effector Molecule Fibrinogen-like Protein 2 in Alloimmunity and Autoimmunity.
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DOI：
10.5041/rmmj.10209
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发表时间：
2015-07-30
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Levy GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chruscinski A;Sadozai H;Rojas-Luengas V;Bartczak A;Khattar R;Selzner N;Levy GA
CD 4 + CD 25 + Foxp 3+调节性T细胞（Treg）对维持免疫耐受至关重要。已知Treg利用许多分子途径来控制免疫应答并维持免疫稳态。纤维蛋白原样蛋白2（Fibrinogen-like protein 2，FGL 2）是Treg的重要免疫抑制效应子，通过与抗原呈递细胞（包括树突状细胞、内皮细胞和B细胞）上表达的抑制性FcγRIIB受体结合发挥免疫调节活性。最近，已经提出FGL 2解释了表达具有IG和ITIM结构域的T细胞免疫受体（TIGIT）的高度抑制性Treg亚群的免疫抑制活性。在这里，我们讨论了Treg和FGL 2在预防同种免疫和自身免疫性疾病中的重要作用。还已知病毒和肿瘤细胞利用FGL 2-FcγRIIB途径逃避免疫监视。展望未来，基于FGL 2-FcγRIIB通路调节的疗法有望治疗从自身免疫到癌症的各种疾病。
CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) are critical to the maintenance of immune tolerance. Treg are known to utilize a number of molecular pathways to control immune responses and maintain immune homeostasis. Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) has been identified by a number of investigators as an important immunosuppressive effector of Treg, which exerts its immunoregulatory activity by binding to inhibitory FcγRIIB receptors expressed on antigen-presenting cells including dendritic cells, endothelial cells, and B cells. More recently, it has been suggested that FGL2 accounts for the immunosuppressive activity of a highly suppressive subset of Treg that express T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT). Here we discuss the important role of Treg and FGL2 in preventing alloimmune and autoimmune disease. The FGL2–FcγRIIB pathway is also known to be utilized by viruses and tumor cells to evade immune surveillance. Moving forward, therapies based on modulation of the FGL2–FcγRIIB pathway hold promise for the treatment of a wide variety of conditions ranging from autoimmunity to cancer.