Morbidity and mortality in South African gold miners: Impact of untreated disease due to human immunodeficiency virus
Morbidity and mortality in South African gold miners: Impact of untreated disease due to human immunodeficiency virus
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DOI：
10.1086/339540
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
De Cock, KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Corbett, EL;Churchyard, GJ;De Cock, KM
从 1998 年 2 月开始，对 1792 名人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 阳性和 2970 名 HIV 阴性南非矿工进行了为期 12 个月的观察。全因住院和死亡与 HIV 感染显着相关（未经调整的发病率比率分别为 2.9 和 9.2；各自的 95% 置信区间为 2.5-3.4 和 5.5-16.0）。结核病 (TB)、细菌性肺炎、隐球菌病和外伤是 HIV 阳性患者入院的主要原因，而卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎是罕见的原因（入院率分别为每 100 人年 8.5、6.9、2.2、6.0 和 0.53 例）。肠炎、支气管炎、尿路感染和软组织感染也与艾滋病毒感染显着相关。 HIV 阳性患者中 44% 的死亡是由隐球菌引起的。创伤是 HIV 阴性男性的主要危险，导致 42% 的入院病例和 60% 的死亡病例。南非矿工中的多种感染性疾病与艾滋病毒感染密切相关。迫切需要确定和实施有效的预防方案。
A cohort of 1792 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and 2970 HIV-negative South African miners was observed for 12 months starting in February 1998. All-cause hospitalizations and deaths were significantly associated with HIV infection (respective unadjusted incidence rate ratios, 2.9 and 9.2; respective 95% confidence intervals, 2.5-3.4 and 5.5-16.0). Tuberculosis (TB), bacterial pneumonia, cryptococcosis, and trauma were the major causes of admission for HIV-positive patients, whereas Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was an uncommon cause (respective admission rates, 8.5, 6.9, 2.2, 6.0, and 0.53 admissions per 100 person-years). Enteritis, bronchitis, urinary tract infections, and soft-tissue infections were also significantly associated with HIV infection. Cryptococcosis caused 44% of deaths among HIV-positive patients. Trauma was the main hazard for HIV-negative men, causing 42% of admissions and 60% of deaths. A broad range of infectious conditions is significantly associated with HIV infection in South African miners. Identification and implementation of effective prophylactic regimens are urgently needed.