The WHO Tailoring Immunization Programmes (TIP) approach: Review of implementation to date
The WHO Tailoring Immunization Programmes (TIP) approach: Review of implementation to date
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.12.012
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发表时间：
2018-03-07
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Habersaat, Katrine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dube, Eve;Leask, Julie;Habersaat, Katrine
简介：世卫组织欧洲区域办事处制定了《定制免疫规划指南》，为各国提供了一个过程，通过该过程可以诊断易感低疫苗接种覆盖率地区的疫苗接种障碍和动机，并设计定制干预措施。材料和方法：2016年6月至12月，一个外部审查委员会在对保加利亚、立陶宛、瑞典和英国进行了访问的基础上，对欧洲地区实施人口贩运计划的情况进行了审查。审查国家和区域人口贩运文件，并在线调查世卫组织欧洲区域尚未开展人口贩运项目的会员国。结果：审查发现，TIP方法最常被引用的优势是社会科学研究以及跨学科方法和社区参与，提高了方案“倾听”和学习的能力，以了解社区和个人的观点。该地区的国家免疫管理人员普遍意识到存在人口贩运问题，并意识到对该问题所涉及的研究类型的强烈需求。需要进一步开展工作，协助各国根据TIP调查结果制定可实施的战略，并强调加强地方自主权;综合诊断和干预设计;以及后续会议、宣传和激励决策者实施和投资战略。结论：了解易感和低覆盖率人群的观点对于改善免疫规划至关重要。《人口贩运法》提供了一个框架，在四个国家促进了这一点。今后，人口贩运的目的应超越查明易受影响群体和分析挑战，并确保更加注重战略的设计以及适当和有效的干预措施，以确保长期的变化。(C)2018世界卫生组织。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Introduction: The WHO Regional Office for Europe developed the Guide to tailoring immunization programmes (TIP), offering countries a process through which to diagnose barriers and motivators to vaccination in susceptible low vaccination coverage and design tailored interventions. A review of TIP implementation was conducted in the European Region.Material and methods: The review was conducted during June to December 2016 by an external review committee and was based on visits in Bulgaria, Lithuania, Sweden and the United Kingdom that had conducted a TIP project; review of national and regional TIP documents and an online survey of the Member States in the WHO European Region that had not conducted a TIP project. A review committee workshop was held to formulate conclusions and recommendations.Results: The review found the most commonly cited strengths of the TIP approach to be the social science research as well as the interdisciplinary approach and community engagement, enhancing the ability of programmes to "listen" and learn, to gain an understanding of community and individual perspectives. National immunization managers in the Region are generally aware that TIP exists and that there is strong demand for the type of research it addresses. Further work is needed to assist countries move towards implementable strategies based on the TIP findings, supported by an emphasis on enhanced local ownership; integrated diagnostic and intervention design; and follow-up meetings, advocacy and incentives for decision-makers to implement and invest in strategies.Conclusions: Understanding the perspectives of susceptible and low-coverage populations is crucial to improving immunization programmes. TIP provides a framework that facilitated this in four countries. In the future, the purpose of TIP should go beyond identification of susceptible groups and diagnosis of challenges and ensure a stronger focus on the design of strategies and appropriate and effective interventions to ensure long-term change. (C) 2018 World Health Organization. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.