Sleep- and circadian-dependent modulation of REM density
Sleep- and circadian-dependent modulation of REM density
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2869.2002.00276.x
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Dijk, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khalsa, SBS;Conroy, DA;Dijk, DJ
快速眼动(REM)密度是衡量快速眼动睡眠中快速眼动频率的指标，众所周知，在睡眠过程中，快速眼动密度会增加。然而，REM密度的昼夜节律调节还没有得到彻底的评估。对来自强制去同步方案的数据进行了分析，在该方案中，在整个昼夜周期中系统地安排了20个连续的睡眠机会。从多导睡眠图记录的REM睡眠片段中评估REM密度，并分析其作为睡眠机会中时间的函数和作为昼夜周期中的相位的函数。在睡眠过程中，REM密度显示出强劲的增长。这种与睡眠相关的增加与昼夜节律无关，因为从昼夜周期的不同三分之一分析的数据显示出类似的模式。对于来自整个睡眠机会的数据，REM密度并没有显示出显著的昼夜相关调制。然而，对单独三分之一的睡眠机会进行的昼夜节律分析显示，在睡眠片段的最后三分之一，昼夜节律发生了显著的变化。当睡眠周期的最后三分之一与觉醒维持区重合时，观察到最大的REM密度，即类似于REM睡眠倾向昼夜节律峰值之前的8-10小时。这些结果证实了REM密度的主要依赖于睡眠的调制，并表明当睡眠压力较低时，REM的密度最大，例如在睡眠事件的后期，此时REM密度的昼夜调制也很明显。
Rapid eye movement (REM) density, a measure of the frequency of rapid eye movements during REM sleep, is known to increase over the course of the sleep episode. However, the circadian modulation of REM density has not been thoroughly evaluated. Data from a forced desynchrony protocol, in which 20 consecutive sleep opportunities were systematically scheduled over the entire circadian cycle, were analysed. The REM density was evaluated from polysomnographically recorded REM sleep episodes, and analyzed as a function of time in the sleep opportunity and as a function of phase in the circadian cycle. The REM density showed a robust increase over the course of the sleep episode. This sleep-dependent increase was observed regardless of circadian phase, because data analyzed from different thirds of the circadian cycle exhibited a similar pattern. The REM density did not show a significant circadian-dependent modulation for data from the entire sleep opportunity. However, analysis of circadian modulation from separate thirds of the sleep opportunity revealed a significant circadian modulation in the last third of the sleep episode. Maximum REM densities were observed when the last third of the sleep episode coincided with the wake-maintenance zone, i.e. similar to8-10 h before the crest of the circadian rhythm of REM sleep propensity. These results confirm the dominant sleep-dependent modulation of REM density, and indicate that the density of REMs is greatest when sleep pressure is low, such as in the latter part of the sleep episode, at which time the circadian modulation of REM density is also appreciable.