Proteus mirabilis and Urinary Tract Infections.
Proteus mirabilis and Urinary Tract Infections.
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DOI：
10.1128/microbiolspec.uti-0017-2013
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发表时间：
2015-10
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pearson MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schaffer JN;Pearson MM
奇异变形杆菌是一种革兰氏阴性细菌，以其以醒目的靶心图案在表面上稳健地群集的能力而闻名。在临床上，这种微生物最常见的是尿路病原体，特别是在接受长期导尿的患者中。本综述涵盖了奇异变形杆菌，重点是尿路感染（UTI），包括疾病模型，疫苗开发工作和临床前景。鞭毛介导的运动，包括游泳和群集，是这种生物的中心方面。这个复杂的过程和它的贡献的毒力的调节进行了讨论，沿着与VI型分泌系统依赖的菌株内的竞争，发生在群集。奇异变形杆菌利用多种毒力因子进入并定殖宿主泌尿道，包括尿素酶和结石形成、菌毛和其他粘附素、铁和锌获取、蛋白酶和毒素、生物膜形成以及发病机制的调节。虽然在这一领域取得了重大进展，但挑战仍然存在，以对抗复杂的UTI和破译奇异变形杆菌的发病机制。
Proteus mirabilis is a Gram-negative bacterium which is well-known for its ability to robustly swarm across surfaces in a striking bulls’-eye pattern. Clinically, this organism is most frequently a pathogen of the urinary tract, particularly in patients undergoing long-term catheterization. This review covers P. mirabilis with a focus on urinary tract infections (UTI), including disease models, vaccine development efforts, and clinical perspectives. Flagella-mediated motility, both swimming and swarming, is a central facet of this organism. The regulation of this complex process and its contribution to virulence is discussed, along with the type VI-secretion system-dependent intra-strain competition which occurs during swarming. P. mirabilis uses a diverse set of virulence factors to access and colonize the host urinary tract, including urease and stone formation, fimbriae and other adhesins, iron and zinc acquisition, proteases and toxins, biofilm formation, and regulation of pathogenesis. While significant advances in this field have been made, challenges remain to combatting complicated UTI and deciphering P. mirabilis pathogenesis.