Multiple processes underlie benzodiazepine-mediated increases in the consumption of accepted and avoided stimuli.
Multiple processes underlie benzodiazepine-mediated increases in the consumption of accepted and avoided stimuli.
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苯二氮卓类药物介导的接受和避免刺激的消耗增加是由多种过程造成的。
DOI：
10.1093/chemse/bjr125
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Baird,JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pittman,DW;McGinnis,MR;Richardson,LM;Miller,EJ;Alimohamed,ML;Baird,JP
据报道，食欲过盛是抗焦虑苯二氮卓类药物（如利眠宁 (CDP)）的副作用。先前的研究主要集中在对甜食或固体食物的摄入反应。我们检查了 CDP 对不同浓度范围内通常接受和避免的味觉溶液的舔舐效果。在 1 小时的测试中，评估了 CDP (10 mg/kg) 与生理盐水对限水大鼠舔水和 3 种浓度的蔗糖、糖精、氯化钠、味精 (MSG)、柠檬酸和奎宁 (Q-HCl) 溶液的影响。 CDP 增加了除柠檬酸之外的所有促味剂的膳食量。舔微结构分析揭示了 CDP 的 3 种可解离效应。 CDP 影响口部运动协调，如所有刺激的模态舔间间隔均匀增加所示。 CDP 增加了膳食量，具体表现在消耗水、味精和较弱糖精浓度期间的停顿时间较短，以及通常避免的促味剂的长舔间隔 (250-2000 毫秒) 较少。对于大多数解决方案，CDP 还通过增加突发大小、突发持续时间和初始舔率来增加膳食量，这表明增加了享乐味觉评估。 CDP 不会影响与进食后反馈相关的变量，例如进餐时间或突发次数，结果还表明 CDP 不会增强感知的味觉强度。我们假设暂停持续时间的减少与对刺激进行采样的动机增加是一致的，这种动机与味觉介导的对某些但不是全部刺激的反应性的变化产生协同作用，从而导致通常接受和避免的味觉刺激的消耗增加。
Hyperphagia is a reported side effect of anxiolytic benzodiazepines such as chlordiazepoxide (CDP). Prior research has focused primarily on the ingestive responses to sweet or solid foods. We examined CDP effects on licking for normally accepted and avoided taste solutions across a range of concentrations. The effect of CDP (10 mg/kg) versus saline on the licking patterns of water-restricted rats for water and 3 concentrations of sucrose, saccharin, NaCl, monosodium glutamate (MSG), citric acid, and quinine (Q-HCl) solutions was evaluated during 1 h tests. CDP increased meal size for all tastants except citric acid. Analysis of licking microstructure revealed 3 dissociable effects of CDP. CDP affected oromotor coordination as indicated by a uniform increase in the modal interlick interval for all stimuli. CDP increased meal size as indicated by shorter pauses during consumption of water, MSG, and weaker saccharin concentrations, and by fewer long interlick intervals (250–2000 ms) for normally avoided tastants. CDP also increased meal size by increasing burst size, burst duration, and the initial rate of licking for most solutions, suggesting increased hedonic taste evaluation. CDP did not affect variables associated with postingestive feedback such as meal duration or number of bursts, and the results also suggest that CDP did not enhance the perceived taste intensity. We hypothesize that the reduction of pause duration is consistent with an increased motivation to sample the stimulus that synergizes with changes in taste-mediated responsiveness to some but not all stimuli to yield increases in the consumption of both normally accepted and avoided taste stimuli.