Can Astrocytes Be a Target for Precision Medicine?
Can Astrocytes Be a Target for Precision Medicine?
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-60733-7_7
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Chloe F. Allen;P. Shaw;L. Ferraiuolo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chloe F. Allen;P. Shaw;L. Ferraiuolo
星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统 (CNS) 内最丰富的非神经细胞类型，根据其位置表现出巨大的异质性。星形胶质细胞曾经被认为是“电活性神经元的被动支持细胞”，现在被认为通过与周围神经元、小胶质细胞和内皮细胞形成连接，在大脑稳态中发挥积极作用。最重要的是，它们通过调节血脑屏障、能量供应以及清除碎片和有毒废物，为功能性神经元提供最佳的微环境。它们的功能障碍已被确定为多种神经退行性疾病的潜在促成因素，从阿尔茨海默病到肌萎缩侧索硬化症。在本章中，我们将探讨星形胶质细胞功能障碍在神经退行性疾病中的影响，以及如何将这些细胞用作精准医学的治疗靶点。
Astrocytes are the most abundant non-neural cell type residing within the central nervous system (CNS) displaying tremendous heterogeneity depending on their location. Once believed to be ‘passive support cells for electrically active neurons’, astrocytes are now recognised to play an active role in brain homeostasis by forming connections with the surrounding neurons, microglia and endothelial cells. Most importantly, they provide an optimum microenvironment for functional neurons through regulation of the blood brain barrier, energy supply and removal of debris and toxic waste.Their dysfunction has been identified as a potential contributing factor for several neurodegenerative disorders, from Alzheimer’s Disease to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.In this chapter, we will explore the implications of astrocyte dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases and how these cells can be used as therapeutic targets in precision medicine.