Ectoparasites, nest site choice and breeding success in the pied flycatcher
Ectoparasites, nest site choice and breeding success in the pied flycatcher
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斑鹟的体外寄生虫、巢穴选择和繁殖成功
DOI：
10.1007/bf00341466
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
J. Kotiaho
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Mappes;Johanna Mappes;J. Kotiaho
最近有人提出，巢箱研究可能会对行为和生活史特征的测量产生偏差，因为拆除旧巢可能会减少体外寄生虫的负荷。该实验人工制品可能对巢巢选择和巢巢繁殖成功率有显著影响。我们测试了(i)斑姬鹟是否更喜欢干净的巢箱，以及（ii）旧巢材料是否会影响斑姬鹟的寄生虫数量和繁殖成功率。在第一个实验中，我们给了鸟儿一个干净的巢箱和一个用前一年的旧巢箱做的巢箱。这两个巢箱被放置在非常相似的位置，彼此靠近。在这个实验中，所有的斑蝇显然更喜欢“脏”的巢箱。在研究的第二部分，我们将干净的巢箱和脏的巢箱分布在同一研究区域。繁殖结束后，我们统计了鸡毛角藻在巢料中的蚤数。该蚤种数量最多，可能是巢中最危险的寄生虫。令人惊讶的是，我们发现只有当年的巢箱中的跳蚤明显多于有当年和上一年的巢箱中的跳蚤。这或许可以解释人们对脏盒子的偏好。然而，我们的研究结果并不表明蚤的数量影响斑蝇的繁殖成功。
It has recently been suggested that nest box studies might bias the measurement of behavioural and life-history traits, because the removal of old nests may reduce the load of ectoparasites. This experimental artefact may have notable effects on nest site choice and breeding success in cavity-breeding birds. We tested (i) if pied flycatchersFicedula hypoleucaprefer clean nest boxes and (ii) if old nest material affects the number of parasites and the breeding success of pied flycatchers. In the first experiment we offered birds one cleaned nest box and one nest box with old nest material from the previous year. The two nest boxes were placed in very similar sites near each other. In this experiment all pied flycatchers clearly preferred “dirty” nest boxes. In the second part of the study we distributed clean nest boxes and dirty ones on the same study area. After breeding was over we counted the number of fleasCeratophyllus gallinaein the nest material. This flea species was the most abundant and probably the most hazardous parasite in the nests. Surprisingly, we found that there were significantly more fleas in the nest boxes with nests of the current year only than in the boxes with nests of both current and previous year. This might explain the preference for the dirty boxes. However, our results do not indicate that the number of fleas affects breeding success in the pied flycatcher.