Synthesis of Metal-Selenide Nanocrystals Using Selenium Dioxide as the Selenium Precursor
Synthesis of Metal-Selenide Nanocrystals Using Selenium Dioxide as the Selenium Precursor
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/anie.200804266
复制
发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Cao, Y. Charles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Ou;Chen, Xian;Cao, Y. Charles
胶体金属硒化纳米晶体（如CdSe和PbSe）是一类在基础科学和技术应用中都很重要的半导体纳米晶体。[1-3]在基础科学领域，高质量的金属硒化纳米晶体的合成具有良好的尺寸、形状和表面钝化控制，导致了对尺寸依赖的标度定律和光物理过程在量子受限系统的系统阐明。[1,2]在技术应用领域，金属硒化纳米晶体已被用作生物医学诊断、太阳能电池和发光二极管（led）等应用的主要组成部分。迄今为止，已经开发了两种生产高质量硒化金属纳米晶体的一般方法。[1,4,5]第一种方法依靠快速注入前驱体来实现纳米晶体成核和生长阶段的分离。[1,4]这种注射型合成方法已经制备出了几乎所有类型的高质量硒化金属纳米晶体。[1,4]然而，由于前驱体的注射速率和传质速率在工业合成设备中受到限制，注射型合成不适合大规模工业制备高质量的纳米晶体（即几十到几百公斤）。[5,6]第二种方法是非注入合成（non-injection synthesis， NIS），它基于控制纳米晶成核阶段的热力学和动力学的概念。[5,6]我们以前已经证明，通过控制前驱体的化学反应活性，可以在均相反应体系中自动实现成核和生长的分离NIS方法制备的纳米晶体的质量至少可与注射法制备的最佳颗粒相媲美。[5,6]此外，NIS方法也适用于高质量纳米晶体的工业制备。(5、6)
Colloidal metal–selenide nanocrystals (eg, CdSe and PbSe) are a class of semiconductor nanocrystals that are important in both fundamental science and technological applications.[1–3] In the area of fundamental science, the synthesis of high-quality metal–selenide nanocrystals with well-controlled size, shape, and surface passivation has led to the systematic elucidation of size-dependent scaling laws and photophysical processes in quantum-confined systems.[1, 2] In the area of technological applications, metal–selenide nanocrystals have been used as major building blocks for applications such as biomedical diagnosis, solar cells, and light-emitting diodes (LEDs).[3]To date, two general approaches have been developed for producing high-quality metal–selenide nanocrystals.[1, 4, 5] The first approach relies on rapid precursor injection to achieve a separation of the nanocrystal nucleation and growth stages.[1, 4] This injection-based synthesis has led to the preparation of nearly all types of high-quality metal–selenide nanocrystals.[1, 4] However, the injection-based synthesis is not suitable for the large-scale industrial preparation of high-quality nanocrystals (that is, tens to hundreds of kilograms) because the rates of precursor injection and mass transfer are limited in the apparatus for industrial synthesis.[5, 6] The second approach is a non-injection synthesis (NIS), which is based on the concept of controlling the thermodynamics and kinetics in the nanocrystal nucleation stage.[5, 6] We have previously demonstrated that the separation between nucleation and growth can be automatically achieved in a homogeneous reaction system by controlling the chemical reactivity of the precursors.[5] The quality of the nanocrystals made by the NIS method is at least comparable to the best particles made by injection-based methods.[5, 6] In addition, the NIS method is suitable for the industrial preparation of highquality nanocrystals.[5, 6]