Untangling cryptic diversity in the High Andes: Revision of the Scytalopus [magellanicus] complex (Rhinocryptidae) in Peru reveals three new species
Untangling cryptic diversity in the High Andes: Revision of the Scytalopus [magellanicus] complex (Rhinocryptidae) in Peru reveals three new species
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DOI：
10.1093/auk/ukaa003
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Fjeldsa, Jon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krabbe, Niels K.;Schulenberg, Thomas S.;Fjeldsa, Jon
热带山区沿海拔梯度和复杂的地形具有显著的物种周转，导致鸟类生物多样性高度集中。在这些景观中，特别是在形态保守和难以观察到的鸟类群体中，物种限制仍然需要澄清。Scytalopus Tapaculos就是这样一个谱系，它是形态上最保守的鸟类之一。对它们独特的发声曲目和系统发育关系的关注导致了新发现的物种的激增，其中许多是有限范围的特有物种。在这里，我们提出了一个修订的分类法，并在居住在秘鲁安第斯山脉的高海拔种群中确定了Scytalopus apaculos的物种限制。我们使用了一个集成的框架，使用了声音信息、线粒体DNA序列和外观的组合，这些信息来自我们过去40年的田野工作，并辅之以社区共享的鸟鸣档案和博物馆标本。我们描述了秘鲁特有的3个新种。在所有3个物种中都存在遗传分化，其中2个物种的遗传分化反映在微妙的地理羽毛和声音变异上。在第四个物种，Scytalopus schulenbergi，我们记录了深层次的遗传差异和羽毛差异，尽管总体上声音相似。我们进一步建议，基于诊断的发声特征，将非生物分类群Scytalopus opacus androsrictus提升到物种等级。我们的结果表明，使用不同数据源的基本探索和描述工作继续识别新的鸟类物种，特别是在热带环境中。
Tropical mountains feature marked species turnover along elevational gradients and across complex topography, resulting in great concentrations of avian biodiversity. In these landscapes, particularly among morphologically conserved and difficult to observe avian groups, species limits still require clarification. One such lineage is Scytalopus tapaculos, which are among the morphologically most conserved birds. Attention to their distinctive vocal repertoires and phylogenetic relationships has resulted in a proliferation of newly identified species, many of which are restricted range endemics. Here, we present a revised taxonomy and identify species limits among high-elevation populations of Scytalopus tapaculos inhabiting the Peruvian Andes. We employ an integrated framework using a combination of vocal information, mitochondrial DNA sequences, and appearance, gathered from our own fieldwork over the past 40 yr and supplemented with community-shared birdsong archives and museum specimens. We describe 3 new species endemic to Peru. Within all 3 of these species there is genetic differentiation, which in 2 species is mirrored by subtle geographic plumage and vocal variation. In a fourth species, Scytalopus schulenbergi, we document deep genetic divergence and plumage differences despite overall vocal similarity. We further propose that an extralimital taxon, Scytalopus opacus androsrictus, be elevated to species rank, based on a diagnostic vocal character. Our results demonstrate that basic exploration and descriptive work using diverse data sources continues to identify new species of birds, particularly in tropical environs.