Establishing a mucosal gut microbial community in vitro using an artificial simulator
Establishing a mucosal gut microbial community in vitro using an artificial simulator
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0197692
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发表时间：
2018-07-17
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tomasula, Peggy M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu, LinShu;Firrman, Jenni;Tomasula, Peggy M.
人类肠道微生物生态系统的双胞胎模拟器（TWINSHIME（R））最初被开发用于研究升（AC）、横（TC）和降（DC）结肠区域的管腔肠道微生物群。鉴于粘膜微生物群的独特组成和对人类健康的潜在重要性，TWINSHIME最近被改造成模拟粘膜微生物群以及管腔群落。先前已经证明，TWINSHIME中的管腔群落在接种后两周内达到稳定状态，并且能够分化成区域特异性群落。然而，了解较少的粘膜群落结构和动力学。在本研究期间，在6周的过程中评价了TWINSHIME每个区域的管腔和粘膜群落。基于16 S rRNA基因测序和短链脂肪酸分析，确定腔和粘膜群落均在接种后10-20天达到稳定，并保持稳定直至实验结束。生物信息学分析显示，在所有三个结肠区域的粘膜和管腔阶段之间形成了独特的群落结构，但这些群落与接种物相似。粘液中的特异性定殖菌主要为厚壁菌门，包括毛螺菌科（AC/TC/DC）、瘤胃球菌科（AC）、真杆菌科（Eubacteriaceae）、乳杆菌科（AC/TC）、梭菌科（Clostridiaceae）和Erysipeiotrichaceae（TC/DC）。相反，拟杆菌科在所有三个结肠区域的肠腔中富集。短链脂肪酸（SCFA）生产的独特特征进一步证明了系统的稳定性，但也证明了体外系统和体内报告之间的显著差异。这项研究的结果表明，有可能在体外复制肠道微生物群的群落结构和组成。通过实施该系统，可以以动态和连续的方式研究人类肠道微生物群。
The Twin Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (TWINSHIME (R)) was initially developed to study the luminal gut microbiota of the ascending (AC), transverse (TC), and descending (DC) colon regions. Given the unique composition and potential importance of the mucosal microbiota for human health, the TWINSHIME was recently adapted to simulate the mucosal microbiota as well as the luminal community. It has been previously demonstrated that the luminal community in the TWINSHIME reaches a steady state within two weeks post inoculation, and is able to differentiate into region specific communities. However, less is known regarding the mucosal community structure and dynamics. During the current study, the luminal and mucosal communities in each region of the TWINSHIME were evaluated over the course of six weeks. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and short chain fatty acid analysis, it was determined that both the luminal and mucosal communities reached stability 10-20 days after inoculation, and remained stable until the end of the experiment. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the formation of unique community structures between the mucosal and luminal phases in all three colon regions, yet these communities were similar to the inoculum. Specific colonizers of the mucus mainly belonged to the Firmicutes phylum and included Lachnospiraceae (AC/TC/DC), Ruminococcaceaeand Eubacteriaceae (AC), Lactobacillaceae (AC/TC), Clostridiaceaeand Erysipeiotrichaceae (TC/DC). In contrast, Bacteroidaceae were enriched in the gut lumen of all three colon regions. The unique profile of short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production further demonstrated system stability, but also proved to be an area of marked differences between the in vitro system and in vivo reports. Results of this study demonstrate that it is possible to replicate the community structure and composition of the gut microbiota in vitro. Through implementation of this system, the human gut microbiota can be studied in a dynamic and continuous fashion.