Th-17 cells in the lungs?
Th-17 cells in the lungs?
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DOI：
10.1586/17476348.1.2.279
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发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Linden, Anders
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ivanov, Stefan;Linden, Anders
初始CD 4细胞能够整合来自先天免疫系统的抗原激活细胞的信号并分化成效应CD 4细胞，也称为T辅助（Th）细胞。根据解释适应性CD 4细胞应答的传统范例，Th细胞有两个亚群：Th-1和Th-2亚群。这些亚群中的每一个经历不同的分化途径（以细胞因子产生的独特概况为特征并且具有特异性免疫调节功能的途径）。然而，最近在小鼠模型中的研究已经提出了Th细胞第三亚群的证据：Th-17亚群。如对小鼠的研究中主要指出的，Th-17亚群的特征在于响应于细胞因子IL-23（从抗原呈递细胞释放的IL-12相关细胞因子）的刺激而产生嗜中性粒细胞动员细胞因子IL-17的能力。现在有越来越多的动物模型证据表明Th-17亚群在肺和其他器官的宿主防御中起着重要作用。在患有哮喘、囊性纤维化恶化或肺移植后的人类患者中也已经证明了IL-17水平的改变。现在也有证据表明Th-17亚群在功能上不同于Th-2亚群，但对Th-1和Th-17细胞亚群之间的功能相互关系知之甚少;这在人肺中尤其如此。已经提出Th-17亚群通过连接先天免疫和适应性免疫的臂而发挥独特的作用。因此，对Th-17亚群的人类相关性的更好理解可能揭示针对肺部疾病的药物治疗的新靶点，所述肺部疾病的特征在于宿主防御中的异常先天反应。
Naive CD4 cells are capable of integrating signals from antigen-activated cells of the innate immune system and differentiating into effector CD4 cells, also termed T helper (Th) cells. According to the traditional paradigm explaining adaptive CD4 cell responses, there are two subsets of Th cells: the Th-1 and Th-2 subset. Each of these subsets undergoes a distinct differentiation pathway (a pathway that is characterized by a unique profile of cytokine production and has specific immunoregulatory functions). However, recent studies in mouse models have forwarded evidence of a third subset of Th cells: the Th-17 subset. As indicated predominantly in studies on mice, the Th-17 subset is characterized by an ability to produce the neutrophil-mobilizing cytokine IL-17 in response to stimulation with the cytokine IL-23, an IL-12-related cytokine released from antigen-presenting cells. There is now a growing body of evidence from animal models that the Th-17 subset plays an important role in host defence in the lungs and other organs. Altered IL-17 levels have also been demonstrated in human patients with asthma, exacerbations of cystic fibrosis or following lung transplantation. There is now also evidence that the Th-17 subset is functionally distinct from the Th-2 subset but little is known of the functional inter-relationship between the Th-1 and Th-17 cell subsets; this is particularly true in human lungs. It has been proposed that the Th-17 subset plays a unique role by linking the arms of innate and adaptive immunity. Thus, an improved understanding of the human correlate to the Th-17 subset may reveal new targets for pharmacotherapy against lung disorders that are characterized by aberrant innate responses in host defense.