On the Enigma of Glutathione-Dependent Styrene Degradation in Gordonia rubripertincta CWB2
On the Enigma of Glutathione-Dependent Styrene Degradation in Gordonia rubripertincta CWB2
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.00154-18
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Tischler, Dirk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heine, Thomas;Zimmerling, Juliane;Tischler, Dirk
在细菌中，迄今为止仅报道了单一的苯乙烯特异性降解途径。它包括苯乙烯单加氧酶、氧化苯乙烯异构酶和苯乙醛脱氢酶的活性，产生作为中心代谢物的苯乙酸。替代途径包括环羟基化酶，并产生乙烯基儿茶酚作为中心代谢物，其经历间位裂解。据报告，这是非特异性的，也允许苯衍生物的降解。然而，一些细菌被描述为降解苯乙烯，但不使用这些途径之一或仅使用其中的一部分。在这里，我们描述了一种新的“杂交”降解途径，苯乙烯位于外源质粒。由于嘌呤也是非特异性的，它允许代谢化学上类似的化合物（例如，卤化和/或烷基化苯乙烯衍生物）。以苯乙烯为唯一碳源和能量源，分离得到红色大头茶CWB 2。它采用苯乙烯侧链降解和异戊二烯降解途径的组装途径，也进入苯乙酸作为中心代谢物。代谢产物，酶活性，基因组，转录组和蛋白质组数据加强了这一观察，并让我们了解这一生物技术相关的途径，可用于生产ibuprofen.IMPORTANCE异生物质的降解细菌不仅是重要的生物修复，但也因为所涉及的酶是潜在的催化剂在生物技术的应用。本研究揭示了一种新的降解途径的有害有机化合物苯乙烯在Gordonia rubripertincta CWB 2。这项研究提供了一个令人印象深刻的水平基因转移的例子，它使新的代谢能力。本研究提出了谷胱甘肽依赖的苯乙烯代谢（放线菌）细菌。此外，证明了菌株CWB 2产生布洛芬的能力的基因组背景。
Among bacteria, only a single styrene-specific degradation pathway has been reported so far. It comprises the activity of styrene monooxygenase, styrene oxide isomerase, and phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase, yielding phenylacetic acid as the central metabolite. The alternative route comprises ring-hydroxylating enzymes and yields vinyl catechol as central metabolite, which undergoes meta-cleavage. This was reported to be unspecific and also allows the degradation of benzene derivatives. However, some bacteria had been described to degrade styrene but do not employ one of those routes or only parts of them. Here, we describe a novel "hybrid" degradation pathway for styrene located on a plasmid of foreign origin. As putatively also unspecific, it allows metabolizing chemically analogous compounds (e.g., halogenated and/or alkylated styrene derivatives). Gordonia rubripertincta CWB2 was isolated with styrene as the sole source of carbon and energy. It employs an assembled route of the styrene side-chain degradation and isoprene degradation pathways that also funnels into phenylacetic acid as the central metabolite. Metabolites, enzyme activity, genome, transcriptome, and proteome data reinforce this observation and allow us to understand this biotechnologically relevant pathway, which can be used for the production of ibuprofen.IMPORTANCE The degradation of xenobiotics by bacteria is not only important for bioremediation but also because the involved enzymes are potential catalysts in biotechnological applications. This study reveals a novel degradation pathway for the hazardous organic compound styrene in Gordonia rubripertincta CWB2. This study provides an impressive illustration of horizontal gene transfer, which enables novel metabolic capabilities. This study presents glutathione-dependent styrene metabolization in an (actino-) bacterium. Further, the genomic background of the ability of strain CWB2 to produce ibuprofen is demonstrated.