Hanseniaspora uvarum from Winemaking Environments Show Spatial and Temporal Genetic Clustering.
Hanseniaspora uvarum from Winemaking Environments Show Spatial and Temporal Genetic Clustering.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2015.01569
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Masneuf-Pomarede I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Albertin W;Setati ME;Miot-Sertier C;Mostert TT;Colonna-Ceccaldi B;Coulon J;Girard P;Moine V;Pillet M;Salin F;Bely M;Divol B;Masneuf-Pomarede I
汉氏酵母是葡萄上发现的最丰富的酵母物种之一，至少在酒精发酵(AF)开始之前，葡萄中必须存在这种酵母，而酒精发酵通常由酵母进行。这项研究的目的是刻画uvarum种内的遗传和表型变异性。利用11个微卫星标记对从不同产地的酿酒环境中分离到的115个菌株进行了分析，并对47个菌株的亚群进行了AFLP分析。根据微卫星揭示的地理位置，uvarum分离物主要根据其地理位置聚在一起。此外，还发现了基于分离年份的强聚集性，表明uvarum分离株的遗传多样性与空间和时间变异有关。相反，基于AFLP数据的聚类分析提供了不同的图景，群体没有表现出特定的特征，但提供了更高的菌株识别率。这一结果表明，AFLP方法不足以建立个体之间的遗传关系，但可以很好地进行品系区分。在表型水平上，测定了几种与葡萄酒相关的胞外酶活性(果胶酶、几丁质酶、蛋白酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶)，但多样性较低。对酿酒环境因素(温度、厌氧和铜添加)对生长的影响也进行了评估，并显示出较差的变异性。总之，这项工作既提供了新的分析工具(微卫星)，也为研究H.uvarum的遗传和表型多样性提供了新的见解。uvarum是一种酵母物种，以前被确定为葡萄共接种的潜在候选者，但其种内变异性从未得到充分评估。
Hanseniaspora uvarum is one of the most abundant yeast species found on grapes and in grape must, at least before the onset of alcoholic fermentation (AF) which is usually performed by Saccharomyces species. The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic and phenotypic variability within the H. uvarum species. One hundred and fifteen strains isolated from winemaking environments in different geographical origins were analyzed using 11 microsatellite markers and a subset of 47 strains were analyzed by AFLP. H. uvarum isolates clustered mainly on the basis of their geographical localization as revealed by microsatellites. In addition, a strong clustering based on year of isolation was evidenced, indicating that the genetic diversity of H. uvarum isolates was related to both spatial and temporal variations. Conversely, clustering analysis based on AFLP data provided a different picture with groups showing no particular characteristics, but provided higher strain discrimination. This result indicated that AFLP approaches are inadequate to establish the genetic relationship between individuals, but allowed good strain discrimination. At the phenotypic level, several extracellular enzymatic activities of enological relevance (pectinase, chitinase, protease, β-glucosidase) were measured but showed low diversity. The impact of environmental factors of enological interest (temperature, anaerobia, and copper addition) on growth was also assessed and showed poor variation. Altogether, this work provided both new analytical tool (microsatellites) and new insights into the genetic and phenotypic diversity of H. uvarum, a yeast species that has previously been identified as a potential candidate for co-inoculation in grape must, but whose intraspecific variability had never been fully assessed.