Ethanol enhances reactivated fear memories
Ethanol enhances reactivated fear memories
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DOI：
10.1038/npp.2008.13
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Matsuki, Norio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nomura, Hiroshi;Matsuki, Norio
虽然乙醇已被证明会损害记忆的获得，但它对巩固记忆的影响尚不清楚。最近的研究表明，记忆提取将巩固的记忆转化为不稳定的状态，并启动了再巩固过程。在本研究中，我们已经证明了乙醇对重新激活的恐惧记忆的影响。我们使用情境恐惧条件反射，其中大鼠用轻度足电击进行条件反射，重新暴露于训练环境2分钟，立即注射乙醇或盐水，并在重新暴露后48小时进行最终测试。乙醇处理组表现出更长的冻结，效果持续2周。为了达到这个效果，重新激活是必要的。注射乙醇本身并没有引起恐惧反应。再激活和乙醇处理的大鼠表现出更长的冻结比非再激活的控制，这表明乙醇不抑制记忆衰退，但促进恐惧记忆。两分钟的再曝光诱导没有或很少的消光。乙醇的效果是具体的2分钟的再激活，诱导再巩固。此外，我们发现印防己毒素抑制了记忆增强，这是由乙醇管理后立即重新激活。这些研究表明，乙醇通过激活GABAA受体增强重新激活的情境恐惧记忆。
Although ethanol has been shown to impair acquisition of memory, its effect on consolidated memories is not clear. Recent reports revealed that memory retrieval converted consolidated memory into a labile state and initiated the reconsolidation process. In the present study, we have demonstrated the effect of ethanol on reactivated fear memory. We used contextual fear conditioning where rats were conditioned with mild footshock, re-exposed to the training context for 2 min, immediately injected with ethanol or saline, and finally tested 48 h after re-exposure. Ethanol-treated groups demonstrated longer freezing and the effect lasted for 2 weeks. Reactivation is necessary for this effect. Injection of ethanol itself did not induce a fearful response. Reactivated and ethanol-treated rats exhibited longer freezing than non-reactivated controls, suggesting that ethanol does not inhibit the memory decline but facilitates the fear memory. Two minute re-exposures induced no or little extinction. The effect of ethanol was specific for 2-min reactivation, which induces reconsolidation. Moreover, we found that picrotoxin inhibited the memory enhancement that was produced by ethanol administered just after the reactivation. These studies demonstrate that ethanol enhances reactivated contextual fear memories via activation of GABAA receptors.