Fruit number in relation to pollen production and viability in groundnut exposed to short episodes of heat stress
Fruit number in relation to pollen production and viability in groundnut exposed to short episodes of heat stress
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DOI：
10.1006/anbo.1999.0926
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发表时间：
1999-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Summerfield, RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prasad, PVV;Craufurd, PQ;Summerfield, RJ
热日和暖夜是半干旱热带地区限制花生产量的重要环境因子。本研究的目的是量化短期热胁迫对花粉生产和生活力以及果实产量的影响。栽培品种“ICGV 86015”的植物从播种至开花后9天在28/22 ° C的昼夜温度下生长。然后将植物群暴露于四天（28，34，42和48摄氏度）和两个晚上（22和28摄氏度）温度的因子组合6天。此后，将所有植物保持在28/22 ° C下，直到9天后的最终收获。在6 d胁迫期间测定了单株花数（FN）、花座果比例（坐果率）、单株果数和荚数（生殖数，RNT）、每花花粉产量和花粉生活力。在28 - 48 ℃范围内，日温与FN（斜率，-1.1 ℃-1）、坐果率（-2.8% ℃-1）、RN（-0.90 ℃-1）、花粉产量（-390 ℃-1）和生活力（-1.9% ℃-1）之间存在强负线性关系。较温暖的夜间温度（28与22摄氏度）对FN没有影响，但降低了坐果率（31%至19%），RNT（8至5），花粉产量（4389至2800）和生活力（49%至40%）。昼夜温度之间没有显著的交互作用。减少坐果是花粉粒减少和花粉活力降低的结果。花粉产量和生活力的日温阈值为34 ℃，与>34 ℃的积温呈极显著的负线性关系。(C)1999年《植物学年鉴》（Annals of Botany Company）
Hot days and warm nights are important environmental factors limiting fruit yields of groundnuts in the semi-arid tropics. The objective of the present research was to quantify the effects of short episodes of heat stress on pollen production and viability, and fruit yield. Plants of cultivar 'ICGV 86015' were grown at a day/night temperature of 28/22 degrees C from sowing until 9 d after flowering. Cohorts of plants were then exposed to a factorial combination of four day (28, 34, 42 and 48 degrees C) and two night (22 and 28 degrees C) temperatures for 6 d. Thereafter, all plants were maintained at 28/22 degrees C until final harvest 9 d later. Number of flowers per plant (FN), the proportion of flowers setting pegs (fruit-set), the number of pegs and pods per plant (reproductive number, RNt), pollen production per flower and pollen viability were determined during the 6 d stress period. There were strong negative linear relations between day temperature over the range of 28 to 48 degrees C and FN (slope, -1.1 degrees C-1), fruit-set (-2.8%degrees C-1), RN, (-0.90 degrees C-1), and pollen production (-390 degrees C-1) and viability (-1.9%degrees C-1). Warmer night temperature (28 vs. 22 degrees C) had no effect on FN, but reduced fruit-set (31 to 19%), RNt (8 to 5), and pollen production (4389 to 2800) and viability (49 to 40%). There were no significant interactions between day and night temperature. Reduced fruit-set was a consequence of fewer pollen grains and reduced pollen viability. The threshold day temperature for pollen production and viability was 34 degrees C and there were strong negative linear relations between both pollen production and pollen viability and accumulated temperature >34 degrees C. (C) 1999 Annals of Botany Company.