Oaks Physiological Ecology. Exploring the Functional Diversity of Genus Quercus L.
Oaks Physiological Ecology. Exploring the Functional Diversity of Genus Quercus L.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-69099-5
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Gil-Pelegrín;J. Peguero-Pina;D. Sancho-Knapik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Gil-Pelegrín;J. Peguero-Pina;D. Sancho-Knapik
由于其经济和生态重要性，栎属的解剖学和水力特征得到了相对深入的研究，经常成为与树木结构和功能相关的方法和假设发展的试验场。然而，尽管长期以来人们一直对此感兴趣，但我们仍然远未对该属内物种的水力功能、各种木质部特性之间的权衡发生以及不同环境条件下性状综合症的普遍性有一个清晰的了解。我们对栎属的木质部解剖文献进行了回顾，这是一项以前从未进行过的工作。我们还更新了现有的导管直径和密度、薄壁组织体积分数、木材密度和木质部水力特性的定量数据库，以综合该属水力结构和功能的主要变化模式。我们发现，与散孔（常绿）树种相比，环孔（落叶）树种的木材密度较低，导水率较高，木质部更容易栓塞，且 Huber 值较低。我们还报告了分类群之间的系统差异，与樱桃组的物种相比，栎属和叶瓣科的物种具有更小但更多的导管、更低的木材密度、更脆弱的木质部、更高的电导率和更低的 Huber 值。其中许多趋势似乎反映了发现栎属物种的三个主要生物群落的环境差异，即温带、地中海/半干旱和热带生物群落。尽管受到经验数据覆盖范围的限制，我们的汇编有助于将属的水力结构和功能描述为分类群、生物群落、环孔隙度和叶物候学的函数。未来的研究可以通过确定造成这些模式的主要因素及其可能的生态意义而受益。
Because of its economic and ecological importance, the genusQuercushas been relatively intensively studied for its anatomical and hydraulic characteristics, having often been testing ground for development of methods and hypotheses related to tree structure and function. However, despite long-withstanding interest, we are still far from having obtained a clear understanding of the hydraulic functioning of the species within this genus, the occurrence of trade-offs among various xylem properties and the prevalence of syndromes of characters under different environmental conditions. We conducted a review of the xylem anatomical literature of the genusQuercus, an undertaking that does not appear to have been carried out before. We also updated existing quantitative databases of vessel diameter and density, volumetric fractions of parenchyma, wood density and xylem hydraulic properties, to synthesise the main patterns of variation in the hydraulic architecture and functioning of the genus. We found that ring-porous (deciduous ) species have lower wood density , higher hydraulic conductivity, xylem that is more vulnerable to embolism and lower Huber values compared to diffuse-porous (evergreen ) species. We also report systematic differences among taxonomic groups, with species of sectionsQuercusandLobataehaving smaller but more numerous vessels, lower wood density , more vulnerable xylem, higher conductivity and lower Huber values as opposed to species of sectionCerris. Many of these trends appeared to map onto environmental differences across the three main biomes whereQuercusspecies are found, i.e. the temperate , the Mediterranean/semi-arid and the tropical biomes. Although limited by the coverage of the empirical data, our compilation contributes to characterise the hydraulic architecture and functioning of the genus as a function of taxonomic grouping, biome, ring-porosity and leaf phenology . Future investigations can benefit by the identification of the main factors responsible for these patterns and their likely ecological significance.