Depression and suicide
Depression and suicide
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DOI：
10.5124/jkma.2011.54.4.370
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
0.3
通讯作者：
Jeon, Hong Jin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jeon, Hong Jin
自杀是韩国第四大死因，是经济合作与发展组织成员国中自杀率最高的国家。世界卫生组织全球预防自杀倡议报告说，每一次自杀至少有20次自杀企图。韩国自杀意念、计划和企图的终生患病率分别为15.2%、3.3%和3.2%（单一2.1%和多重1.1%）。一项基于韩国的社区研究显示，自杀企图与精神障碍，尤其是重度抑郁症有显著关联。脑神经成像研究显示，企图自杀的人前额叶局部功能减退，血清素能反应受损，这也是抑郁症患者的典型发现。尸检研究报告称，大约60%的自杀受害者患有重度抑郁症和其他情绪障碍。家庭研究表明自杀和抑郁之间存在遗传联系。综上所述，自杀和自杀行为与抑郁显著相关。自杀是一种可以治疗和预防的疾病，通过对抑郁症的早期诊断和治疗，自杀率可以降低。自杀和抑郁症的定期调查是制定预防自杀国家政策的重要工具。
Suicide is the fourth leading cause of death in South Korea, which is the highest rate among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development member countries. The World Health Organization worldwide initiative for the prevention of suicide reported that there are at least 20 suicide attempts for every suicide committed. The lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation, planning, and attempts in South Korea was 15.2%, 3.3%, and 3.2% (single 2.1% and multiple 1.1%), respectively. Suicide attempts showed a significant association with mental disorders, especially major depressive disorder in a Korea-based community study. Brain neuroimaging studies showed prefrontal localized hypofunction and impaired serotonergic responsivity in those attempting suicide, which are also typical findings in patients with depression. Postmortem studies have reported that approximately 60% of suicide victims suffered from major depressive disorder and other mood disorders. Family studies have suggested a genetic linkage between suicide and depression. In conclusion, suicide and suicidal behaviors are significantly associated with depression. Suicide is a medical condition which is treatable and preventable, and suicide rates can be reduced through early diagnosis and treatment for depression. Regular surveys for suicide and depression an essential tool for establishing a national policy for suicide prevention.