The ionospheric effects of the solar eclipse.
The ionospheric effects of the solar eclipse.
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发表时间：
1990-07
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通讯作者：
Youwen He;Qili Long
中科院分区：
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作者：
Youwen He;Qili Long
本文综述了前6次日食电离层效应的观测和理论解释。在我国14个省、自治区、直辖市的18个电离层台站进行了日食效应的电离层观测。第一次日食发生在1955年6月20日，最后一次日食发生在1988年3月18日。除了电离层观测外，还在日食期间对卫星信标和哨声的法拉第旋转进行了观测。结果表明：（1）日食对E区和F_1区的影响以及对F_2区的动力学影响都很明显：（2）日食日的f_0F_2值与对照日相比有减小、增大或不变的趋势;（3）TEC曲线有凹型和非凹型之分，日食期间，日食日的TEC值与对照日相比有增加的趋势，日食期间F2区和外电离层的动力学特征还简要讨论了日食。研究发现，空间等离子体温度的显著降低和空间等离子体沿着磁力线扩散是日食对F2区和外电离层影响的主要因素，而等离子体沿着磁力线扩散、喷泉效应、热层风和日全食带的位置是日食对磁赤道异常电离层影响的重要因素。
In this paper, the observations and theoretical interpretations of the ionospheric effects of the previous 6 solar eclipses are summarized. The ionospheric observations of solar eclipse effects are made at 18 ionospheric stations of 14 provinces in China. The first one of the 6 solar eclipses occurred, on 20 June 1955, the last one on 18 March 1988. In addition to the ionospheric observations, the observations of Faraday rotation of satellite beacons and the whistlers were made some time during the solar eclipses. They have shown that:(1)The optical eclipse effects on the E and F1 region and the dynamic effect on the F2 region are all quite clear;(2)The values of f0F2 on the eclipse day, comparing with those in the control day, could decrease, increase or remain unchanged;(3)There are either concave or non-concave outline for the curves of the TEC, the values of the TEC on the eclipse day comparing with those in the control day could increase during the solar eclipse.The dynamic characteristics of the F2 region and outer ionosphere during the solar eclipses were also discussed briefly. It is found that striking decrease of the space plasma temperature and the space plasma diffusion along magnetic field lines are main factors of the solar eclipse effects on the F2 region and outer ionosphere, and the plasma diffusion along the magnetic field line over the geomagnetic equator, the fountain effect, the thermospheric wind and position of the zone of the total (annular) solar eclipse are important factors of the ionospheric effects of the solar eclipse on the magnetic equatorial anonaly.