Why one size fits all is not enough when designing immunity certificates for domestic use: a UK wide cross-sectional online survey
Why one size fits all is not enough when designing immunity certificates for domestic use: a UK wide cross-sectional online survey
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为什么在设计家用免疫证书时一刀切是不够的：一项英国广泛的横截面在线调查
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Panagiotis Balatsoukas
中科院分区：
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作者：
C. Niculaescu;I. Sassoon;Irma Cecilia Landa Ávila;Ozlem Colak;G. T. Jun;Panagiotis Balatsoukas
本研究探讨了公众愿意使用免疫证书在六个不同的国内场景通过横断面在线调查（534英国居民超过18岁）。主要结果指标是在三种不同的国内环境中使用免疫证书的意愿（1。2.为非紧急健康问题访问GP。在餐厅用餐，2。在剧院演出）。对于每种设置，提供了两个选项，一个优先考虑便利性（选项A），另一个优先考虑隐私性（选项B）。我们的次要结局指标是根据健康信念模型中的项目计算的指数，即对与服务提供者分享免疫状态的态度，在COVID- 19之前的生活方式。此外，我们还记录了受访者的社会人口特征数据。受访者更愿意使用豁免证书，优先考虑方便，而不是隐私，当访问他们的家庭医生（92%）。然而，与便利性（39%）相比，在其他两种情况下（在餐馆用餐和去剧院），隐私性（84%）更受欢迎。在所有情况下，个人对COVID-19和免疫证书的信念与使用这些证书的意愿差异有关。在社会人口统计学和生活方式方面没有观察到变化。这项调查的结果表明，在设计豁免证书方面，没有一个放之四海而皆准的解决办法。豁免证书是一个复杂的社会技术系统，任何将其用于国内的尝试都应适合不同的环境和用户需求。认证服务的设计需要采取更加循证的方法，需要进一步研究，以了解不同的环境、设计要素（如便利或隐私）和个人对大流行病的信念应如何影响其设计。
The present study explored public willingness to use immunity certificates across six different domestic scenarios through a Cross-sectional online survey (534 UK residents over 18 years old). The primary outcome measure was willingness to use immunity certificates across three different domestic settings (1. Visiting the GP for a non urgent health issue, 2. Dining in a restaurant, and 2. Attending a performance in a theatre). For each setting two options, one prioritising convenience (option A) and the other privacy (option B), were offered. Our secondary outcome measures were computed indices from items adapted from the Health Belief Model, Attitudes towards sharing immunity status with service providers, Prior to COVID- 19 lifestyle. In addition, we recorded data about respondents socio- demographic characteristics. Respondents were more willing to use immunity certificates that prioritised convenience, rather than privacy, when visiting their GP (92%). However, privacy was more favourable (84%) in the other two settings (dining in a restaurant and going to a theatre) compared to convenience (39%). Personal beliefs about COVID-19 and immunity certificates were associated with variations in willingness to use these across all scenarios. No variations were observed across socio-demographics and lifestyle. The findings of this survey suggest that there is not one size fits all solution for designing immunity certificates. Immunity certificates are complex socio-technical systems, any attempt to implement these for domestic use should be tailored to different settings and user needs. The design of certification services requires a more evidence-based approach and further research is needed to understand how different settings, design elements (like convenience or privacy) and personal beliefs about the pandemic should inform their design.