From colloidal stability in ionic liquids to advanced soft materials using unique media.
From colloidal stability in ionic liquids to advanced soft materials using unique media.
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DOI：
10.1021/la103942f
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发表时间：
2011-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Ueno;M. Watanabe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Ueno;M. Watanabe
离子液体由于其独特的性质，作为有机溶剂和电解质溶液的替代品，以及作为胶体体系的合成和分散介质而受到广泛关注。胶体稳定性是决定与离子液体组合的胶体系统的性质和性能的重要因素。离子液体的显着性能主要源于其高度离子化的性质。虽然如此高的离子强度经常导致胶体聚集在水性和有机悬浮液中，但一些胶体颗粒可以在没有任何稳定剂的情况下很好地悬浮在离子液体中。在本文的第一部分中，我们专注于最近进行的实验，以调查裸和聚合物接枝的二氧化硅纳米粒子的胶体稳定性和二氧化硅基板和离子液体之间的表面力。胶体颗粒之间的三种不同排斥（即，静电，空间位阻，和溶剂化力）也突出了，之后提出了一个可能的解释的结果在离子液体中的稳定机制，在存在和不存在的稳定剂。本文的后半部分提供了一个概述，我们最近的研究与离子液体的胶体软材料。根据硅溶胶在离子液体中的分散状态，制备了两种不同的软质材料：胶体凝胶和胶体玻璃。它们的功能特性，如离子传输，流变性能和光学性能，和胶体材料的微观结构之间的关系也被描述。
Owing to their fascinating properties, ionic liquids (ILs) are now receiving a great deal of attention as alternatives to organic solvents and electrolyte solutions and as synthetic and dispersion media for colloidal systems. Colloidal stability is an essential factor in determining the properties and performance of colloidal systems combined with ILs. The remarkable properties of ILs primarily originate from their highly ionic nature. Although such high ionic strength often causes colloidal aggregation in aqueous and organic suspensions, some colloidal particles can be well suspended in ILs without any stabilizers. In the first part of this article, we focus on recent experiments conducted to investigate the colloidal stability of bare and polymer-grafted silica nanoparticles and on the surface force between silica substrates and ILs. Three different repulsions between colloidal particles (i.e., electrostatic, steric, and solvation forces) are also highlighted, after which a possible interpretation of the results in terms of the stabilization mechanism in ILs both in the presence and in the absence of stabilizers is proposed. The latter part of this article provides an overview of our recent studies on colloidal soft materials with ILs. On the basis of the dispersed states of the silica colloids in ILs, two different soft materials, a colloidal gel and a colloidal glass in ILs, were fabricated. The relationship between their functional properties, such as ionic transport, rheological properties, and optical properties, and the microstructure of the colloidal materials is also described.