Hydrothermally stable heterogeneous catalysts for conversion of biorenewables
Hydrothermally stable heterogeneous catalysts for conversion of biorenewables
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DOI：
10.1039/c4gc01152j
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发表时间：
2014-10
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Haifeng Xiong;H. Pham;A. Datye
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haifeng Xiong;H. Pham;A. Datye
生物质衍生分子到燃料和化学品的催化转化涉及在水相中进行的反应。反应环境的腐蚀作用会导致非均相催化剂降解，但有害影响取决于水的状态。例如，水蒸气、过热蒸汽以及亚超临界和超临界液态水可以表现得彼此非常不同。在这篇综述中，我们专注于非均相催化剂的水热稳定性，按照反应介质的苛刻程度增加的顺序：过热蒸汽，温度低于200 ° C的液态水，温度高于200 °C的液态水和超临界水。本文综述了用于生物质转化反应的非均相催化剂的物理结构变化。这些物理变化影响催化性能，但失活的其他原因包括金属相的烧结或催化剂上的焦化或碳沉积。后一种现象不是本审查的主要重点。我们还描述了最近的方法，旨在提高生物质转化反应中的非均相催化剂的水热稳定性。
The catalytic conversion of biomass-derived molecules to fuels and chemicals involves reactions carried out in the aqueous phase. The corrosive effects of the reactive environment can cause degradation of heterogeneous catalysts, but the detrimental effects depend on the state of water. For example, water vapor, superheated steam and sub- and supercritical liquid water can behave very different from each other. In this review, we focus on the hydrothermal stability of the heterogeneous catalysts in order of the increasing severity of the reaction medium: superheated steam, liquid water at temperatures below 200 °C, liquid water at temperatures above 200 °C and supercritical water. This review addresses changes in the physical structure of heterogeneous catalysts used for biomass conversion reactions. These physical changes influence the catalytic performance, but other causes for deactivation include sintering of the metal phase or coking or carbon deposition on catalysts. The latter phenomena are not the primary focus of this review. We also describe recent approaches designed to improve the hydrothermal stability of heterogeneous catalysts in biomass conversion reactions.