Occurrence of synthetic musk fragrances in marine mammals and sharks from Japanese coastal waters
Occurrence of synthetic musk fragrances in marine mammals and sharks from Japanese coastal waters
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DOI：
10.1021/es050199l
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发表时间：
2005-05-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Nakata, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakata, H
本文报道了从日本近海采集的海洋哺乳动物和鲨鱼中发现的多环类麝香香料HHCB(1，3，4，6，7，8-hexahydro-4，6，6，7，8，8-hexamethylcyclopenta[g]-2-benzopyran)和AHTN(7-乙酰基-1，3，4，4，6-六甲基四氢萘)。所有经分析(n=8)的江豚(Neopocaena Phocaenoides)的鲸脂中均含有六六六，以湿重计算，含量介乎13至149毫微克/克。江豚的胎儿样本含有显著浓度的六氯联苯(26 ng/g湿重)，表明这种化合物是通过胎盘转移的。在分析江豚的12个组织器官中，六氯联苯在鲸脂中的含量最高，其次是肾脏。这表明六六六在海洋哺乳动物的富脂组织中积累，这与持久性有机氯的积累曲线相似，如脓液和圆点。总体而言，AHTN和硝基麝香在江豚体内的残留水平较低或低于检测限值，这意味着在日本使用较少或在这种动物中这些化合物的代谢能力较高。在日本近海的五条锤头鲨(Sphna Lewini)的肝脏中也发现了六六六，其浓度从16到48 ng/g湿重不等。在营养较高的生物中出现六六六强烈表明，它在环境中较难降解，并在海洋食物链的顶级捕食者中积累。这是关于合成麝香香味在海洋哺乳动物和鲨鱼体内积累的第一份报告。
In this study, the occurrence of the polycyclic musk fragrances HHCB (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta[g]-2-benzopyran) and AHTN (7-acetyl-1, 1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyltetrahydeonaphthalene) in marine mammals and sharks collected from Japanese coastal waters is reported. HHCB was present in the blubbers of all finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides) analyzed (n = 8), at levels ranging from 13 to 149 ng/g on a wet weight basis. A fetus sample of finless porpoise contained a notable concentration of HHCB (26 ng/g wet wt), suggesting transplacental transfer of this compound. Among 12 tissues and organs of a finless porpoise analyzed, the highest HHCB concentration was found in blubber, followed by kidney. This indicates that HHCB accumulates in lipid-rich tissues in marine mammals, which is similar to the accumulation profiles of persistent organochlorines, such as PUS and DOTS. In general, the residue levels of AHTN and nitro musks were low or below the detection limits in finless porpoises, implying either less usage in Japan or high metabolic capacity of these compounds in this animal. HHCB was also found in the livers of five hammerhead sharks (Sphrna lewini) from Japanese coastal waters, at concentrations ranging from 16 to 48 ng/g wet wt. Occurrence of HHCB in higher trophic organisms strongly suggests that it is less degradable in the environment and accumulates in the top predators of marine food chains. This is the first report on the accumulation of synthetic musk fragrances in marine mammals and sharks.