Evaluation of energy harvesting from discharged solutions in a salt production plant by reverse electrodialysis (RED)
Evaluation of energy harvesting from discharged solutions in a salt production plant by reverse electrodialysis (RED)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.desal.2019.04.007
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
Higa, Mitsuru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mehdizadeh, Soroush;Yasukawa, Masahiro;Higa, Mitsuru
反向电渗析 (RED) 是一种很有前途的基于膜的过程，可根据两种溶液之间的盐度梯度收集能量。在RED过程中，阳离子交换膜（CEM）和阴离子交换膜（AEM）交替堆叠在高浓度室和低浓度室（HCC和LCC）之间，导致阳离子和阴离子向相反方向迁移，然后通过电极处的氧化还原反应转化为电流。在 RED 工艺中，海水和河水通常分别被视为高浓度和低浓度的进料溶液。然而，盐生产厂作为 RED 饲料溶液的来源具有巨大的潜力，因为它有多种不同盐度的溶液。在本研究中，对配备电渗析 (ED) 和蒸发系统的典型制盐厂通过 RED 工艺收集能量进行了评估。该盐厂有五种不同流速、离子组成和浓度的溶液。标准 CMX/AMX 膜以及单侧单价选择性 CIMS/ACS-8T 膜均用于研究二价离子对 RED 性能的影响。在这项研究中，我们提出了最佳的进料溶液组合，以便通过 RED 从盐生产厂产生最大可能的电力。因此，进行了不同的膜电位、电阻测量和RED测试。一般来说，当 RED 进料溶液中存在少量二价离子 (< 10%) 时，标准膜表现出更好的 RED 性能。此外，选择性层面向 HCC 的单面单价选择性膜的性能比选择性层面向 LCC 的膜高 30%。我们还得出结论，低浓度溶液的特性是 RED 性能中最重要的因素之一。
Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is a promising membrane-based process to harvest energy based on the salinity gradient between two solutions. In the RED process, cation exchange membranes (CEM) and anion exchange membranes (AEM) stack alternatively between high and low concentrate compartment (HCC & LCC) which lead to migration of the cations and anions in opposite directions, which can then be converted into electric current by redox reactions at the electrodes. Seawater and river water are typically considered as the high and low concentrate feed solution, respectively, in the RED process. However, a salt production plant has great potential as a source of RED feed solutions because it has a variety of solutions with different salinities. In this study, a typical salt production plant equipped with electrodialysis (ED) and an evaporation system was evaluated for harvesting energy by a RED process. This salt plant has five solutions at different flow rates, ion compositions and concentrations. Both standard CMX/AMX membranes as well as one-sided monovalent selective CIMS/ACS-8T membranes were applied to investigate the effect of divalent ions on RED performance. In this study, we propose the best feed solution combination for producing the maximum possible power from a salt production plant by means of RED. Hence, different membrane potentials, resistance measurement, and RED tests were performed. Generally, the standard membranes showed better RED performance when low amounts of divalent ion were present (< 10%) in the RED feed solutions. In addition, one-sided monovalent selective membrane with the selective layer facing the HCC showed 30% higher performance than that with selective layer facing into the LCC. We also concluded that the properties of low concentrate solution are one of the most important factors in RED performance.