Bacterial pathogens of skin ulceration disease in cultured sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus(Selenka)juveniles
Bacterial pathogens of skin ulceration disease in cultured sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus(Selenka)juveniles
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发表时间：
2006
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通讯作者：
Ma Yue-xin;Chang Yaqing;Zhang En-peng;Zhou Wei;Song Lin-sheng
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作者：
Ma Yue-xin;Chang Yaqing;Zhang En-peng;Zhou Wei;Song Lin-sheng
2003年以来，大连沿海多个养殖场发生刺参苗种皮肤溃烂病，给养殖户造成了极大的损失。溃烂病时出现白色病变，然后蔓延至全身。光镜下观察到水肿病和腐烂的呼吸树。用从病苗皮肤溃烂组织和病苗呼吸树中分离出的优势菌进行人工感染实验。将5只健康鱼苗放入装满过滤海水的1个L烧杯中作为处理组。各处理组：海参浸泡在过滤海水中稀释为3.0×10~6个/毫升的细菌悬浮液中。菌株HXS31、HXS32、HXS34、HXS22和BP12处理的海参幼鱼也出现了同样的症状，而从患病动物身上分离的菌株具有相同的形态特征。而对照组在40天的实验中没有发现任何症状，证明菌株HXS31、HXS32、HXS34、HXS22和BP12是该病的病原菌。16S rRNA基因序列的同源性分析表明，HXS31、HXS32、HXS34、HXS22和BP12菌株是该病的病原菌HXS32和HXS22为弧菌，经细菌学鉴定为假单胞菌BP12，其致病菌均为革兰氏阴性菌，对龙妥英敏感，对青霉菌G不敏感，其中HXS31为卵圆形，HXS32、HXS34、HXS22、BP12为卵圆形、球状、卵圆形和单极鞭毛曲线杆状。
The skin ulceration disease in cultured sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus juveniles occurred in several hatcheries in coastal regions in Dalian since 2003 has led to great losses for sea cucumber farmers.A white lesion appeared in the skin ulceration disease and then extended over the whole body surface.Edema and rot respiratory trees were observed under light microscope.Predominant bacterial strains isolated from skin ulceration tissue and respiratory trees in diseased juveniles were used for artificial infection experiment in which five healthy juveniles were placed in 1 L beaker filled with filtered sea water as treated groups.In each treated group,the sea cucumber were bathed in a suspension of bacteria diluted in filtered seawater at a bacterium concentration of 3.0×10~6 cell/ml.The same symptoms appeared in naturally infected sea cucumber were observed in the juveniles treated with strains HXS31,HXS32,HXS34,HXS22 and BP12 and re-isolates from diseased animals had the same morphological characteristics.However,there were no symptoms in the juveniles in control group during 40-day experiment,which proved that the strains HXS31,HXS32,HXS34,HXS22 and BP12 were the pathogens of the disease.Similarity analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains HXS31,HXS34,HSX32 and HXS22 were Vibrio sp..General bacteriological identification suggested that strain BP12 was Pseudomonas sp..The pathogenic bacteria were all of Gram negative,and sensitive to rarantoin but not to penicillum G,in which HXS31 was ovoid,and HXS32,HXS34,HXS22,BP12 ovoid,coccoid,ovoid and curve rod-shaped with single polar flagellum under electron microscope.