Extracellular vesicles as signaling mediators in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Extracellular vesicles as signaling mediators in type 2 diabetes mellitus
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpcell.00536.2019
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Evans, Michele K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Noren Hooten, Nicole;Evans, Michele K.
2型糖尿病是一种慢性代谢性疾病，由于肥胖和久坐不动的生活方式的增加，其发病率和患病率在全球范围内都有所增加。糖尿病的终末器官心脑血管影响导致显著的发病率和死亡率，并随着年龄的增长而增加。因此，充分了解糖尿病的分子机制是如何影响并可能影响终末器官并发症的发展是至关重要的。循环因子在糖尿病中起着重要的生理和病理作用。最近的数据表明，细胞外小泡(EVS)是2型糖尿病的循环介质。这些与脂质结合的小泡由细胞释放到循环中，可以将包括脂类、蛋白质和核酸在内的功能货物运送到邻近的细胞或组织之间。在这篇综述中，我们将总结目前EVS作为糖尿病诊断和预后因素的现有证据，驱动EV改变的机制，以及EVS在糖尿病相关病理中所起的作用。
Diabetes mellitus type 2, a chronic metabolic disease, has globally increased in incidence and prevalence throughout the lifespan due to the rise in obesity and sedentary lifestyle. The end-organ cardiovascular and cerebrovascular effects of diabetes mellitus result in significant morbidity and mortality that increases with age. Thus, it is crucial to fully understand how molecular mechanisms are influenced by diabetes mellitus and may influence the development of end-organ complications. Circulating factors are known to play important physiological and pathological roles in diabetes. Recent data have implicated extracellular vesicles (EVs) as being circulating mediators in type 2 diabetes. These small lipid-bound vesicles are released by cells into the circulation and can carry functional cargo, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, to neighboring cells or between tissues. In this review, we will summarize the current evidence for EVs as promising diagnostic and prognostic factors in diabetes, the mechanisms that drive EV alterations with diabetes, and the role EVs play in the pathology associated with diabetes.