Plenary Lecture 1: Dietary strategies for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
Plenary Lecture 1: Dietary strategies for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0029665109991674
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发表时间：
2010-02
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Rolls, Barbara J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rolls, Barbara J.
肥胖是一个快速增长的公共卫生问题，部分与饮食环境中的食物有关。食物的性质，如份量大小和能量密度（kJ/g）对能量摄入有很大的影响;大部分能量密集的食物会促进过度消费，这种影响始于幼儿期。然而，研究表明，在成人和儿童中，这些食物特性也可以策略性地用于调节能量摄入，以及改善饮食质量。饮食能量密度可以通过增加蔬菜和水果等富含水分的食物的摄入量来降低。它们的高含水量使人们能够吃到满意的食物，同时减少能量摄入。人们发现，在一餐开始时用蔬菜或水果填满，并增加主菜中蔬菜的比例，可以控制饥饿感和适度的能量摄入。来自几项临床试验的数据也表明，通过添加富含水分的食物来降低膳食能量密度与体重大幅减轻有关，即使参与者吃了更多的食物。基于人口的评估表明，从童年开始，消耗大量高能量食物与肥胖之间存在联系。这些数据表明，促进降低能量密度的饮食应该是未来预防和治疗肥胖的重要组成部分。
Obesity is a rapidly-growing public health problem that is related in part to the foods available in the eating environment. Properties of foods such as portion size and energy density (kJ/g) have robust effects on energy intake; large portions of energy-dense foods promote excess consumption and this effect starts in early childhood. Studies show, however, that in both adults and children these food characteristics can also be used strategically to moderate energy intake, as well as to improve diet quality. Dietary energy density can be reduced by increasing intake of water-rich foods such as vegetables and fruits. Their high water content allows individuals to eat satisfying portions of food while decreasing energy intake. Filling up at the start of a meal with vegetables or fruit and increasing the proportion of vegetables in a main course have been found to control hunger and moderate energy intake. Data from several clinical trials have also demonstrated that reducing dietary energy density by the addition of water-rich foods is associated with substantial weight loss even though participants eat greater amounts of food. Population-based assessments indicate that beginning in childhood there is a relationship between consuming large portions of energy-dense foods and obesity. These data suggest that the promotion of diets that are reduced in energy density should be an important component of future efforts to both prevent and treat obesity.