Structural basis for GABA(A) receptor potentiation by neurosteroids.

Structural basis for GABA(A) receptor potentiation by neurosteroids.
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DOI:
10.1038/nsmb.3484
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发表时间:
2017-11
影响因子:
16.8
通讯作者:
Aricescu AR
Aricescu AR
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Miller PS;Scott S;Masiulis S;De Colibus L;Pardon E;Steyaert J;Aricescu AR

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A型γ-氨基丁酸受体(GABAARs)是人脑中抑制性神经传递的主要介质。内源性神经类固醇与GABAAR相互作用以调节急性和慢性焦虑,并且是有效的镇静剂、镇痛剂、抗惊厥剂和麻醉剂。然而,它们的结合模式和受体增强机制仍然未知。在这里,我们报告的嵌合GABAAR结构,在载脂蛋白和孕烷醇结合状态。神经类固醇结合位点机械地耦合到离子通道孔内衬的螺旋,并调节脱敏门构象。我们证明,相当于网站是负责生理,异聚,GABAAR增强和解释3α与3β神经甾体差向异构体的对比调制特性。这些结果说明了外周脂质配体如何调节GABAAR的脱敏门,这是一个与五聚体配体门控离子通道广泛相关的过程。
Type-A γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs) are the principal mediators of inhibitory neurotransmission in the human brain. Endogenous neurosteroids interact with GABAARs to regulate acute and chronic anxiety and are potent sedative, analgesic, anticonvulsant and anaesthetic agents. Their mode of binding, and mechanism of receptor potentiation remain, however, unknown. Here we report crystal structures of a chimeric GABAAR construct, in apo and pregnanolone-bound states. The neurosteroid-binding site is mechanically coupled to the helices lining the ion channel pore, and modulates the desensitization gate conformation. We demonstrate that the equivalent site is responsible for physiological, heteromeric, GABAAR potentiation and explain the contrasting modulatory properties of 3α versus 3β neurosteroid epimers. These results illustrate how peripheral lipid ligands can regulate the desensitization gate of GABAARs, a process of broad relevance to pentameric ligand-gated ion channels.
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