Nanobody-derived nanobiotechnology tool kits for diverse biomedical and biotechnology applications.
Nanobody-derived nanobiotechnology tool kits for diverse biomedical and biotechnology applications.
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适用于多种生物医学和生物技术应用的纳米抗体衍生纳米生物技术工具套件
DOI：
10.2147/ijn.s107194
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Yu L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Y;Fan Z;Shao L;Kong X;Hou X;Tian D;Sun Y;Xiao Y;Yu L
由于纳米抗体具有纳米级的尺寸、稳定的结构、水溶性、可逆的复性、对单一同源靶点的高亲和力和特异性、上级隐蔽裂隙的可接近性、深入的组织渗透性以及可持续的来源等独特的性质，它已成为发展复杂纳米生物技术的理想研究工具。目前，纳米抗体已发展成为用于各种生物医学和生物技术应用的多功能研究和应用工具包。各种纳米抗体衍生的形式，包括纳米抗体本身，放射性核素或荧光标记的纳米抗体，纳米抗体同源或异源多聚体，纳米抗体包被的纳米颗粒和纳米抗体展示的噬菌体，已被成功地证明是基础生物医学研究，靶向药物递送和治疗，疾病诊断，生物成像以及农业和植物保护的强大的纳米生物技术工具包。这些应用表明了这些纳米抗体衍生技术的特殊优势，已经超过了其他等同结合剂的“me-too”产品，例如全长抗体、单链可变片段、抗原结合片段、靶向肽和基于DNA的适体。本文综述了纳米抗体的研究现状，重点介绍了纳米抗体的结构特征、纳米抗体的制备方法、纳米抗体衍生的纳米生物技术工具包以及纳米抗体在生物医学和生物技术中的潜在应用。纳米抗体衍生的纳米生物技术工具包的未来趋势，挑战和局限性也进行了讨论。
Owing to peculiar properties of nanobody, including nanoscale size, robust structure, stable and soluble behaviors in aqueous solution, reversible refolding, high affinity and specificity for only one cognate target, superior cryptic cleft accessibility, and deep tissue penetration, as well as a sustainable source, it has been an ideal research tool for the development of sophisticated nanobiotechnologies. Currently, the nanobody has been evolved into versatile research and application tool kits for diverse biomedical and biotechnology applications. Various nanobody-derived formats, including the nanobody itself, the radionuclide or fluorescent-labeled nanobodies, nanobody homo- or heteromultimers, nanobody-coated nanoparticles, and nanobody-displayed bacteriophages, have been successfully demonstrated as powerful nanobiotechnological tool kits for basic biomedical research, targeting drug delivery and therapy, disease diagnosis, bioimaging, and agricultural and plant protection. These applications indicate a special advantage of these nanobody-derived technologies, already surpassing the “me-too” products of other equivalent binders, such as the full-length antibodies, single-chain variable fragments, antigen-binding fragments, targeting peptides, and DNA-based aptamers. In this review, we summarize the current state of the art in nanobody research, focusing on the nanobody structural features, nanobody production approach, nanobody-derived nanobiotechnology tool kits, and the potentially diverse applications in biomedicine and biotechnology. The future trends, challenges, and limitations of the nanobody-derived nanobiotechnology tool kits are also discussed.