In vivo Two-Photon Imaging Reveals Acute Cerebral Vascular Spasm and Microthrombosis After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice
In vivo Two-Photon Imaging Reveals Acute Cerebral Vascular Spasm and Microthrombosis After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2020.00210
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发表时间：
2020-03-10
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Jin, Xiaoming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Han, Xinjia;Chai, Zhi;Jin, Xiaoming
据报道，轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）或脑震荡会干扰患者的脑血流和微循环，但我们目前的理解相当有限，结果往往存在争议。在这里，我们使用纵向在体内双光子成像研究脑血管的动态变化和红细胞（RBC）的速度后mTBI。使用受控皮质撞击装置诱导的闭头mTBI导致旋转棒测试中的停留时间显著减少，但在水迷宫测试中没有显著变化。在基线、mTBI后0.5、1、6 h和1天通过薄颅骨窗重复成像脑血管。伤后0.5、1、6 h，微动脉和毛细血管的直径和红细胞流速均显著降低，伤后1 d恢复。与此相反，小静脉的直径和RBC速度的降低仅发生在mTBI后0.5-1小时。我们还观察到mTBI后1小时内毛细血管中瞬时微血栓的形成和清除。我们的结论是，在体内双光子成像是有用的研究mTBI后的血管动力学的早期改变和mTBI诱导的脑血流量减少，血管痉挛，并在急性损伤后形成微血栓。这些变化可能是mTBI早期脑功能障碍的原因之一。
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), or concussion, is reported to interfere with cerebral blood flow and microcirculation in patients, but our current understanding is quite limited and the results are often controversial. Here we used longitudinal in vivo two-photon imaging to investigate dynamic changes in cerebral vessels and velocities of red blood cells (RBC) following mTBI. Closed-head mTBI induced using a controlled cortical impact device resulted in a significant reduction of dwell time in a Rotarod test but no significant change in water maze test. Cerebral blood vessels were repeatedly imaged through a thinned skull window at baseline, 0.5, 1, 6 h, and 1 day following mTBI. In both arterioles and capillaries, their diameters and RBC velocities were significantly decreased at 0.5, 1, and 6 h after injury, and recovered in 1 day post-mTBI. In contrast, decreases in the diameter and RBC velocity of venules occurred only in 0.5-1 h after mTBI. We also observed formation and clearance of transient microthrombi in capillaries within 1 h post-mTBI. We concluded that in vivo two-photon imaging is useful for studying earlier alteration of vascular dynamics after mTBI and that mTBI induced reduction of cerebral blood flow, vasospasm, and formation of microthrombi in the acute stage following injury. These changes may contribute to early brain functional deficits of mTBI.