Characteristics of Tire Wear Particles Generated by a Tire Simulator under Various Driving Conditions
Characteristics of Tire Wear Particles Generated by a Tire Simulator under Various Driving Conditions
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.8b03459
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发表时间：
2018-11-06
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Lee, Seokhwan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kim, Gibaek;Lee, Seokhwan
在实验室条件下研究了轮胎磨损颗粒的物理化学性质。在TWP的产生和测量过程中，采用安装在封闭腔室中的轮胎模拟器来消除由干扰颗粒引起的伪影。TWP颗粒物（PM2.5和PM10）与轮胎转速（r > 0.94）和负荷（r > 0.99）相关。它们的质量尺寸分布表明，TWP模式直径范围在3和4 μ m（单峰）。由滑移事件引起的轮胎磨损导致了数量浓度的增加（约100%）。8.4 x 10（5）cm（-3））的颗粒（主要是超细颗粒（UFP））在低PM2.5和PM10值（分别为1和2 μ g m（-3））。在制动过程中，UFP在早期阶段排放，数量浓度增加（高达1.1 × 10（7）cm（-3））;通过早期排放的UFP的凝结和冷凝，在后期阶段观察到高质量浓度（3.6 mg m（-3））。根据形貌和元素组成，TWP一般具有细长（微米级）和圆形/不规则（亚微米级）的形状，并可分为富C/Si、含重金属、含S和含矿物颗粒。这项研究确定了TWP排放量可以随着驾驶条件的变化而变化。
Physicochemical properties of pure tire wear particles (TWPs) were investigated in a laboratory. A tire simulator installed in an enclosing chamber was employed to eliminate artifacts caused by interfering particles during the generation and measurement of TWPs. TWP particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) was correlated with tire speed (r > 0.94) and load (r > 0.99). Their mass size distributions showed that TWP mode diameters ranged between 3 and 4 mu m (unimodal). Tire wear caused by slip events resulted in an increase in the number concentration (ca. 8.4 x 10(5) cm(-3)) of particles (mainly ultrafine particles (UFPs)) at low PM2.5 and PM10 values (1 and 2 mu g m(-3), respectively). During braking events, UFPs were emitted at an early stage, with an increase in number concentration (up to 1.1 X 10(7) cm(-3)); a high mass concentration (3.6 mg m(-3)) was observed at a later stage via the coagulation of early emitted UFPs and condensation. On the basis of morphology and elemental composition, TWPs generally had elongated (micrometer-scale) and round/irregular (submicrometer-scale) shapes and they were classified into C/Si-rich, heavy metal-containing, S-containing, and mineralcontaining particles. This study determined that TWP emissions can vary with changes in driving condition.