Childhood sexual abuse and psychiatric disorder in young adulthood .1. Prevalence of sexual abuse and factors associated with sexual abuse
Childhood sexual abuse and psychiatric disorder in young adulthood .1. Prevalence of sexual abuse and factors associated with sexual abuse
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DOI：
10.1097/00004583-199610000-00023
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发表时间：
1996-10-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Horwood, LJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fergusson, DM;Lynskey, MT;Horwood, LJ
目的：使用新西兰出生队列18年纵向研究期间收集的数据，介绍儿童期性虐待（CSA）的患病率以及与CSA风险增加相关的社会、家庭和相关因素。方法：对出生于新西兰基督城的1,000多名16岁以下儿童的出生队列进行了前瞻性研究。在18岁时，获得了CSA的回顾性报告。结果：在该队列中，10.4%（17.3%的女性和3.4%的男性）报告在16岁之前经历过CSA。涉及性交的严重虐待经历的发生率较低：5.6%的女性和1.4%的男性报告了涉及企图或完成性交的虐待。多变量分析表明，CSA的风险在女性（p < .0001）、暴露于高水平婚姻冲突的人（p < .005）、报告父母依恋低的人（p < .001）、报告父亲过度保护水平高的人（p < .005）以及父母报告酗酒/酒精问题的人（p < .05）中升高。从儿童和家庭因素预测CSA的水平不足以以任何程度的准确性识别CSA风险的个体。结论：CSA在该队列中并不罕见。那些最有可能接触到CSA的女孩是在婚姻冲突和养育子女能力受损的家庭中长大的女孩，以及在父母有适应问题的家庭中长大的女孩。
Objective: To present accounts of the prevalence of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and social, family, and related factors that are associated with increased risk of CSA, using data gathered during an 18-year longitudinal study of a New Zealand birth cohort. Method: A birth cohort of more than 1,000 children born in Christchurch (New Zealand) was studied prospectively to the age of 16 years. At age 18, retrospective reports of CSA were obtained. Results: Of the cohort, 10.4% (17.3% of females and 3.4% of males) reported having experienced CSA before the age of 16 years. Rates of severe abusive experiences involving intercourse were lower: 5.6% of females and 1.4% of males reported abuse involving attempted or completed intercourse. Multivariate analyses suggested that the risk of CSA was elevated among females(p < .0001), those exposed to high levels of marital conflict (p < .005), those reporting low parental attachment (p < .001), those reporting high levels of paternal overprotection (p < .005), and those with parents who reported alcoholism/alcohol problems (p < .05). The level of prediction of CSA from childhood and family factors was not sufficient to identify individuals at risk of CSA with any degree of accuracy. Conclusions: CSA was not an uncommon experience in this cohort. Those most likely to be exposed to CSA were girls reared in families characterized by high levels of marital conflict and impaired parenting and in families having parents with adjustment problems.