Psychosocial Stress Among Hospital Doctors in Surgical Fields Results of a Nationwide Survey in Germany
Psychosocial Stress Among Hospital Doctors in Surgical Fields Results of a Nationwide Survey in Germany
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DOI：
10.3238/arztebl.2010.0248
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发表时间：
2010-04-09
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Siegrist, Johannes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Knesebeck, Olaf von dem;Klein, Jens;Siegrist, Johannes
背景：本文的目的是借助需求控制模型、努力-回报失衡模型和选定的附加指标，分析德国外科领域医院医生的工作场所心理社会压力。方法：采用分层随机样本回答书面问卷，样本包括德国 489 家医院外科领域的 1311 名医院医生。使用经过验证的仪器根据需求控制和努力回报失衡模型进行测量。结果：约四分之一的受访医院医生的工作条件存在努力回报失衡的特征。根据需求控制模型，22%的人存在“工作压力”，即他们面临的要求很高，但控制程度较低。研究发现，不担任培训职位的住院医师和助理医师都承受着特别高的社会心理压力。此外，大约五分之一的接受调查的医院医生每月至少几次考虑放弃自己的职业。其中 44% 的人认为，医生工作量过大有时或经常会损害患者护理质量。 结论：一项针对德国外科领域医院医生工作场所心理社会压力的调查表明，该群体比其他职业群体承受着更严重的工作压力。这种工作条件对这些医生自身的健康以及他们提供的医疗保健的质量构成了威胁。
Background: The aim of this paper is to analyze psychosocial stress in the workplace among hospital doctors working in surgical fields in Germany with the aid of the demand-control model, the effort-reward imbalance model, and selected additional indicators.Methods: A written questionnaire was answered by a stratified random sample consisting of 1311 hospital doctors working in surgical fields in 489 hospitals in Germany. Validated instruments were used to make measurements according to the demand-control and effort-reward imbalance models.Results: The working conditions of about a quarter of the hospital doctors surveyed were characterized by an effort-reward imbalance. 22% of them have "job strain" according to the demand-control model, i.e., they are confronted with high demands, yet have a low degree of control. Residents and assistant physicians not occupying training positions were both found to have an especially high degree of psychosocial stress. Furthermore, about one-fifth of the hospital doctors surveyed thought about giving up their profession at least a few times per month. 44% of them considered that the quality of patient care was sometimes or often impaired by an excessive physician workload.Conclusion: An investigation of psychosocial stress in the workplace among hospital doctors in surgical fields in Germany indicates that this group suffers from more severe stress at work than other occupational groups. Such working conditions pose a threat to these physicians' own health and to the quality of the health care that they provide.