The Weightlifting Pull in Power Development
The Weightlifting Pull in Power Development
复制标题
力量发展中的举重拉力
DOI：
10.1519/1533-4295(2001)023
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
D. Hydock
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Hydock
功率被定义为“物体在单位时间内所做的功，可以用力和速度的乘积来计算”(9)。另一个通常用于描述力量的术语是速度力量，它被描述为“肌肉运动中同时包含力量（力量）和速度成分的任何能力”（23）。如果与运动员一起参与力量导向的运动，如果运动员要提高成绩，速度力量应该增加(9)。在以力量为导向的运动中，还有许多其他因素有助于提高表现，而不仅仅是速度力量的增加（即特定运动中的技术和技能）。本文的重点是解释通过使用举重牵拉来增加运动特定力量的方法。关于通过奥林匹克风格的举重动作训练来提高不同学科运动员的力量，已经有很多报道（2,4,8,12,15,17,21）。举重项目有抓举和挺举。他们的变化可以被称为奥林匹克式的举重。抓举和挺举的变化包括，但不限于，不同高度抓举（膝盖以上，膝盖以下，膝盖以下，地面），不同高度抓举，抓举，不同高度抓举，不同高度抓举，不同高度抓举，不同高度抓举，不同高度抓举。所有这些练习都有高速度的共性。根据Stone（16）的研究，在进行高速举重动作（抓举和挺举）时，人体表现出的平均力量输出优于通常以较低速度为特征的力量举重动作（深蹲、卧推和硬举）。除了使用举重训练其他运动的高功率输出外，其运动模式与许多以力量和力量为导向的运动非常相似（16）。虽然许多人都认为举重练习和相关的举重是一个精心设计和定期的力量发展计划的组成部分，但这些举重的一个重要组成部分可能在训练中没有得到足够的重视。这个部分是牵拉动作，它负责运动员在抓举和挺举时产生的大部分力量（16）。正因为如此，在进行竞技举重以外的运动训练时，更应该强调正确的牵拉动作，而不是抓举和清洁的任何其他阶段（例如，落在杠下阶段，接球阶段，恢复阶段）。此外，建议在试图发展运动特定力量时，更多的训练是单独的拉扯。
POWER HAS BEEN DEFINED AS “the amount of work produced by the body per unit of time and can be calculated as the product of force and velocity”(9). Another term commonly used for power is speed strength, which has been described as “any capacity that contains both a force (strength) and speed component to muscular actions”(23). If working with athletes involved in power-oriented sports, speed-strength should be increased if the athlete is to improve performance (9). There are many other factors that contribute to improving performance in power-oriented sports than just increases in speed strength (i.e., technique and skill in the specific sport). The focus of this article is to explain methods of increasing sport-specific power through the use of the weightlifting pull. Much has been written about improving power in athletes from various disciplines by training with Olympic-style weightlifting movements (2, 4, 8, 12, 15, 17, 21). The weightlifting lifts are the snatch and the clean and jerk. Their variations can be referred to as Olympic-style lifts. Some snatch and clean and jerk variations include, but are not limited to, power snatch from various heights (above knees, knee height, below knees, ground), power clean from various heights, power jerk, snatch pull from various heights, and clean pull from various heights. All of these exercises have the commonality of high velocity. According to Stone (16), the human body expresses a superior average power output when performing the high velocity weightlifting movements (snatch and clean and jerk) as compared to performing powerlifting movements (squat, bench press, and deadlift) that are generally characterized by lower velocities. Besides the high power output from using weightlifting for the training of other sports, the movement patterns involved are very similar to those of many strengthand power-oriented sports (16). Although many agree that the weightlifting exercises and the associated lifts are an integral part of a well-designed and periodized power development program, one important component of these lifts may not be given adequate attention during training. This component is the pulling movement, and it is responsible for the majority of the power production in athletes performing the snatch and the clean (16). Because of this, when training for sports other than competitive weightlifting, more emphasis should be placed on developing a proper pull than any other phase of the snatch and clean (e.g., dropping under the bar phase, catch phase, recovery phase). Also, it is suggested that more training be done with the pull alone when attempting to develop sport specific power.