Assessing changes in numbers and distribution of large whale entanglements in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
Assessing changes in numbers and distribution of large whale entanglements in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
复制标题
评估加拿大纽芬兰和拉布拉多省大型鲸鱼纠缠的数量和分布变化
DOI：
10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00511.x
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
A. Davidson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Benjamins;W. Ledwell;Julie Huntington;A. Davidson
自1979年以来，加拿大纽芬兰和拉布拉多的商业渔业一直记录着大型鲸鱼的纠缠，这是一项旨在释放捕获动物和降低渔民成本的计划的一部分。这一数据集提供了一个机会，可以查明对当地鲸鱼种群构成特别缠绕风险的渔业。对1979-1992年和1993-2008年期间的数据进行了评估，这些数据对应于渔业分布和强度的不同阶段。1979年至2008年间，在纽芬兰和拉布拉多记录了1 209起大型鲸鱼纠缠事件。其中大部分是座头鲸（Megaptera novaeangliae; 80%）和小须鲸（Balaenoptera acutorostrata; 15%）。在1992年大西洋鳕鱼（Gadus morhua）渔业暂停后，据报近岸鲸鱼缠绕率急剧下降。最近，据报告，更多的缠绕在更远的近海，主要是由于扩大渔业目标雪蟹（Chionoeclampopilio）。本文献给乔恩·连博士（1939-2010），他通过纪念大学的鲸鱼研究小组帮助建立了大型鲸鱼诱捕计划，他代表纽芬兰和拉布拉多的鲸鱼和渔民不知疲倦地工作了30多年。这里描述的大部分数据是乔恩和他的同事收集的，他在解决纽芬兰渔业中鲸鱼纠缠问题方面的作用怎么强调都不过分。我们将深切怀念他。
Entanglements of large whales in commercial fisheries in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, have been consistently recorded since 1979, as part of a program aimed at releasing captured animals and reducing costs to fishermen. This data set represented an opportunity to identify fisheries posing particular entanglement risks to local whale populations. Data were assessed over the periods 1979–1992 and 1993–2008, corresponding to distinct phases in fisheries distribution and intensity. Between 1979 and 2008, 1,209 large whale entanglements were recorded in Newfoundland and Labrador. These were mostly humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae; 80%) and minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata; 15%). Dramatic declines in reported inshore whale entanglement rates were observed following the 1992 moratorium on Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) fisheries. Recently, more entanglements have been reported further offshore, largely due to expansion of fisheries targeting snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio). For all whale species, entanglement 1 This article is dedicated to Dr. Jon Lien (1939–2010), who was instrumental in setting up the Large Whale Entrapment Program through Memorial University’s Whale Research Group, and who for more than 30 yr worked tirelessly on behalf of both whales and fishermen in Newfoundland and Labrador. A large proportion of the data described here was gathered by Jon and his associates, and his role in resolving whale entanglements in Newfoundland fisheries cannot be overstated. He will be sorely missed.