The exploration-exploitation dilemma: a multidisciplinary framework.

The exploration-exploitation dilemma: a multidisciplinary framework.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0095693
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Saltz D
Saltz D
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Berger-Tal O;Nathan J;Meron E;Saltz D

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获取新知识的需要与使用该知识来提高绩效的需要之间的权衡是自然界中最基本的权衡之一,而最佳绩效通常需要探索性行为和利用性行为之间的某种平衡。许多学科的研究人员一直在寻找解决这一困境的最佳解决方案。在这里,我们提出了一种新颖的模型,其中探索策略本身是动态的,并随时间变化,以优化确定的目标,例如获取能量、金钱或声望。我们的模型产生了四个截然不同的阶段:知识建立、知识积累、知识维护和知识利用,从而产生了一个同样适用于人类、动物和组织的多学科框架。该框架可用于解释不同学科中的多种现象,例如动物在新奇景观中的移动、初创公司最有效的资源分配,或者老年对人类知识获取的影响。
The trade-off between the need to obtain new knowledge and the need to use that knowledge to improve performance is one of the most basic trade-offs in nature, and optimal performance usually requires some balance between exploratory and exploitative behaviors. Researchers in many disciplines have been searching for the optimal solution to this dilemma. Here we present a novel model in which the exploration strategy itself is dynamic and varies with time in order to optimize a definite goal, such as the acquisition of energy, money, or prestige. Our model produced four very distinct phases: Knowledge establishment, Knowledge accumulation, Knowledge maintenance, and Knowledge exploitation, giving rise to a multidisciplinary framework that applies equally to humans, animals, and organizations. The framework can be used to explain a multitude of phenomena in various disciplines, such as the movement of animals in novel landscapes, the most efficient resource allocation for a start-up company, or the effects of old age on knowledge acquisition in humans.
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