Early life stress affects mortality rate more than social behavior, gene expression or oxidative damage in honey bee workers.
Early life stress affects mortality rate more than social behavior, gene expression or oxidative damage in honey bee workers.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.exger.2017.01.015
复制
发表时间：
2017-04
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Smith D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rueppell O;Yousefi B;Collazo J;Smith D
早期生活的压力因素会以积极或消极的方式影响衰老和预期寿命。个人可以根据早期生活经历调整自己的行为和分子生理，但相对较少的研究将这种机制与社会有机体的人口模式联系起来。社会性缓冲了个体对环境影响的影响，尚不清楚早期生活压力对后来的生活史有多大影响。蜜蜂（Apis mellifera L.）的工蜂早期暴露于两种应激源：瓦螨寄生和百草枯暴露。结果在分子、行为和人口水平上进行了测量。虽然处理没有显著影响氧化损伤水平、特定基因的表达和常见变形翼病毒的滴度，但这些措施中的大多数都受到年龄的影响。一些年龄效应，如变形翼病毒和氧化损伤水平的下降，与我们的预测相反，但可以用人口选择来解释。进一步分析表明，工人行为对死亡率有一定的影响，并表明对行为的治疗效果较弱。后一种效应在两个实验中是不一致的。然而，在发育过程中，对瓦螨的应激持续降低了死亡率。因此，死亡率对早期生活压力的响应比其他响应变量更敏感。这些措施缺乏治疗效果可能是由于蜜蜂的社会组织缓冲了个体的压力发育条件的影响。
Early life stressors can affect aging and life expectancy in positive or negative ways. Individuals can adjust their behavior and molecular physiology based on early life experiences but relatively few studies have connected such mechanisms to demographic patterns in social organisms. Sociality buffers individuals from environmental influences and it is unclear how much early life stress affects later life history. Workers of the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) were exposed to two stressors, Varroa parasitism and paraquat exposure, early in life. Consequences were measured at the molecular, behavioral, and demographic level. While treatments did not significantly affect levels of oxidative damage, expression of select genes, and titers of the common deformed wing virus, most of these measures were affected by age. Some of the age effects, such as declining levels of deformed wing virus and oxidative damage, were opposite to our predictions but may be explained by demographic selection. Further analyses suggested some influences of worker behavior on mortality and indicated weak treatment effects on behavior. The latter effects were inconsistent among the two experiments. However, mortality rate was consistently reduced by Varroa mite stress during development. Thus, mortality was more responsive to early life stress than our other response variables. The lack of treatment effects on these measures may be due to the social organization of honey bees that buffers the individual from the impact of stressful developmental conditions.