Expansins: roles in plant growth and potential applications in crop improvement.
Expansins: roles in plant growth and potential applications in crop improvement.
复制标题
扩展蛋白：在植物生长中的作用以及在作物改良中的潜在应用
DOI：
10.1007/s00299-016-1948-4
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发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Kong Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marowa P;Ding A;Kong Y
KeymessageResults从各种expansin相关的研究表明，expansins提出了一个机会，以改善各种作物在许多不同的方面，从产量和果实成熟，以提高抗逆性。除了产生植物所需的强度外，细胞壁还决定了细胞的形状、大小和功能。扩展蛋白是一种细胞壁蛋白，由α-扩展蛋白、β-扩展蛋白、扩展蛋白样A和扩展蛋白样B四个亚家族组成。这些蛋白质介导细胞壁松动，它们存在于所有植物和一些微生物有机体以及其他有机体如蜗牛中。在黄瓜中首次发现它们几十年后，现在很清楚这些小蛋白在植物中具有多种生物学作用。通过它们能够通过减少相邻壁多糖之间的粘附而使壁聚合物局部滑动的能力以及它们在胞质分裂后细胞壁重塑中所起的作用，现在清楚的是，膨胀蛋白在从萌发到结果的几乎所有植物生理发育方面都是必需的。来自不同研究的各种报告显示了这一点，这些研究使用了各种分子生物学方法，例如基因，通过其非酶促壁疏松能力实现了这些许多作用。本文回顾和总结了一些报道的扩展蛋白的功能，并概述了扩展蛋白在作物改良计划的潜在用途。
Key messageResults from various expansin related studies have demonstrated that expansins present an opportunity to improve various crops in many different aspects ranging from yield and fruit ripening to improved stress tolerance.AbstractThe recent advances in expansin studies were reviewed. Besides producing the strength that is needed by the plants, cell walls define cell shape, cell size and cell function. Expansins are cell wall proteins which consist of four sub families; α-expansin, β-expansin, expansin-like A and expansin-like B. These proteins mediate cell wall loosening and they are present in all plants and in some microbial organisms and other organisms like snails. Decades after their initial discovery in cucumber, it is now clear that these small proteins have diverse biological roles in plants. Through their ability to enable the local sliding of wall polymers by reducing adhesion between adjacent wall polysaccharides and the part they play in cell wall remodeling after cytokinesis, it is now clear that expansins are required in almost all plant physiological development aspects from germination to fruiting. This is shown by the various reports from different studies using various molecular biology approaches such as gene achieve these many roles through their non-enzymatic wall loosening ability. This paper reviews and summarizes some of the reported functions of expansins and outlines the potential uses of expansins in crop improvement programs.