Effects of Respiratory Muscle Endurance Training in Hypoxia on Running Performance
Effects of Respiratory Muscle Endurance Training in Hypoxia on Running Performance
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0000000000001929
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Suzuki, Yasuhiro
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文献类型：
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作者：
Katayama, Keisho;Goto, Kazushige;Suzuki, Yasuhiro
目的：我们假设缺氧条件下的呼吸肌耐力训练（RMET）能显著提高呼吸肌耐力，同时降低呼吸肌代谢反射和全身表现。我们评估了高呼吸时的呼吸肌耐力和心血管反应，以及在常氧和缺氧条件下RMET前后的全身跑步表现。方法将21名大学生耐力跑运动员分为对照组（n = 7）、常氧组（n = 7）和缺氧组（n = 7）。RMET 6周前后分别进行增量呼吸耐力试验和持续运动试验。持续运动试验在跑步机上进行，达到个体峰值摄氧量（vo2峰值）的95%。在常氧和低氧条件下，RMET为等氧高通气（30分钟中心点d(-1)）。RMET期间的分钟通气量初始目标设定为个人最大自主通气量的50%，目标在6周内逐渐增加。低氧组前2周目标动脉血氧饱和度为90%，后2周目标动脉血氧饱和度为80%。结果常氧组和低氧组RMET后呼吸肌耐力均有明显提高。正常氧组（10.2 +/- 2.4至11.2 +/- 2.6 min）和缺氧组（11.5 +/- 2.6至12.6 +/- 3.0 min） RMET后95% VO2peak运动时的疲劳时间也有所增加，而对照组（9.6 +/- 3.2至9.4 +/- 4.0 min）则没有增加。这些变化的幅度在常氧组和低氧组之间没有差异（P = 0.84）。结论呼吸肌肉耐力的改善和呼吸肌肉代谢反射的减弱可能是耐力训练运动员耐力成绩提高的部分原因。然而，也有人认为在低氧条件下进行RMET没有额外的影响。
Purpose We hypothesized that respiratory muscle endurance training (RMET) in hypoxia induces greater improvements in respiratory muscle endurance with attenuated respiratory muscle metaboreflex and consequent whole-body performance. We evaluated respiratory muscle endurance and cardiovascular response during hyperpnoea and whole-body running performance before and after RMET in normoxia and hypoxia. Methods Twenty-one collegiate endurance runners were assigned to control (n = 7), normoxic (n = 7), and hypoxic (n = 7) groups. Before and after the 6 wk of RMET, incremental respiratory endurance test and constant exercise tests were performed. The constant exercise test was performed on a treadmill at 95% of the individual's peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). The RMET was isocapnic hyperpnoea under normoxic and hypoxic conditions (30 min center dot d(-1)). The initial target of minute ventilation during RMET was set to 50% of the individual maximal voluntary ventilation, and the target increased progressively during the 6 wk. Target arterial oxygen saturation in the hypoxic group was set to 90% in the first 2 wk, and thereafter it was set to 80%. Results Respiratory muscle endurance was increased after RMET in the normoxic and hypoxic groups. The time to exhaustion at 95% VO2peak exercise also increased after RMET in the normoxic (10.2 +/- 2.4 to 11.2 +/- 2.6 min) and hypoxic (11.5 +/- 2.6 to 12.6 +/- 3.0 min) groups, but not in the control group (9.6 +/- 3.2 to 9.4 +/- 4.0 min). The magnitude of these changes did not differ between the normoxic and the hypoxic groups (P = 0.84). Conclusion These results suggest that the improvement of respiratory muscle endurance and blunted respiratory muscle metaboreflex could, in part, contribute to improved endurance performance in endurance-trained athletes. However, it is also suggested that there are no additional effects when the RMET is performed in hypoxia.