Solidarity, not charity: Learning the lessons of the COVID-19 pandemic to reconceptualise the radicality of mutual aid.
Solidarity, not charity: Learning the lessons of the COVID-19 pandemic to reconceptualise the radicality of mutual aid.
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团结，而非慈善：汲取 COVID-19 大流行的教训，重新认识互助的激进性。
DOI：
10.1111/tran.12553
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mould O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mould O
COVID-19大流行严重破坏了我们的全球社会。我们已经看到医疗保健系统，政府和商业在疾病，封锁和动荡的压力下屈服，但这种破裂也为激进（和无政府主义）的互助政治创造了空间，作为社会组织原则，进入更突出的位置（并为危机平息后这种转变提供了可能性）。然而，在互助被推到聚光灯下的短时间内，我们已经看到了地理、应用和方法的多样性和范围。事实上，我们也看到政府利用互助的口号“团结而不是慈善”来拨款;当好邻居免费提供资金时，免除国家为社会福利提供充足资金的责任。在本文中，我们描绘了在COVID-19大流行期间，慈善机构、捐助团体和激进团体如何实施互助，以应对特定和新颖形式的脆弱性，以及这为未来带来的机遇和挑战。特别是，我们强调制定互助的做法和政治活动（或不）的互助行动者之间的潜在紧张关系。我们的贡献是重新定义互助，以（i）显示互助的真实的“互助”在哪里，以及（ii）更好地理解如何在当前气候紧急情况下不可避免地出现的未来紧急情况下动员互助。
The COVID‐19 pandemic has significantly ruptured our global society. We have seen health care systems, governments and commerce buckle under the strain of disease, lockdowns and unrest, but the rupture has also created space for radical (and anarchist) politics of mutual aid, as societal organising principles, to move into a more prominent position (and offers potential for this shift to remain after the crisis has subsided). However, in the short time since mutual aid has been thrust into the limelight, we have seen a multiplicity and spectrum of geographies, applications and approaches. Indeed, we have also seen its appropriation by government(s) that takes advantage of mutual aid's rallying cry of ‘solidarity not charity’; absolving the state's responsibilities to sufficiently fund social welfare when good neighbours will do it for free. In this paper we map out how mutual aid has been enacted during the COVID‐19 pandemic by charity, contributory and radical groups to address specific and novel forms of vulnerabilities, and the opportunities and challenges this offers for the future. In particular we highlight potential tensions between the enacting of mutual aid practices and the political activism (or not) of the mutual aid actors. Our contribution is to reconceptualise mutual aid to (i) show where the real ‘mutualism’ of mutual aid is, and (ii) create a better understanding of how mutual aid can be mobilised in future emergencies which will inevitably arise in the current climate emergency.