THE LEARNING OF CATEGORIES - PARALLEL BRAIN SYSTEMS FOR ITEM MEMORY AND CATEGORY KNOWLEDGE
THE LEARNING OF CATEGORIES - PARALLEL BRAIN SYSTEMS FOR ITEM MEMORY AND CATEGORY KNOWLEDGE
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DOI：
10.1126/science.8259522
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发表时间：
1993-12-10
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
SQUIRE, LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KNOWLTON, BJ;SQUIRE, LR
关于认知的一个基本问题是关于一个范畴的知识是如何通过与该范畴的例子接触而获得的。健忘症患者和对照受试者在根据新模式是否属于一组训练模式的同一类别对新模式进行分类时，表现出类似的表现。相比之下，健忘症患者在识别哪些点图案是为了训练而呈现方面受到了损害。类别学习似乎独立于训练实例中的陈述性(外显)记忆，也独立于失忆症中受损的陈述性记忆所必需的大脑结构。有关类别的知识可以通过累积来自多个示例的信息来隐式获取。
A fundamental question about cognition concerns how knowledge about a category is acquired through encounters with examples of the category. Amnesic patients and control subjects performed similarly at classifying novel patterns according to whether they belonged to the same category as a set of training patterns. In contrast, the amnesic patients were impaired at recognizing which dot patterns had been presented for training. Category learning appears to be independent of declarative (explicit) memory for training instances and independent of the brain structures essential for declarative memory that are damaged in amnesia. Knowledge about categories can be acquired implicitly by cumulating information from multiple examples.