Estimating local spread of recently established emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis, infestations and the potential to influence it with a systemic insecticide and girdled ash trees
Estimating local spread of recently established emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis, infestations and the potential to influence it with a systemic insecticide and girdled ash trees
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估计最近出现的白蜡螟 (Agrilus planipennis) 的局部传播、侵扰以及内吸性杀虫剂和环带白蜡树对其影响的潜力
DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2016.02.005
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
T. Poland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Mercader;D. McCullough;A. Storer;J. M. Bedford;R. Heyd;N. Siegert;S. Katovich;T. Poland
关于以木材和韧皮部为食的入侵昆虫，包括绿灰螟（EAB） （Agrilus planipennisFairmaire）的传播模式和速度的信息相对有限，主要是因为很难在低密度下检测到皮层下的昆虫。从2008年到2011年，作为减缓白蜡树死亡率（SLAM）试点项目的一部分，在密歇根州最近发现的两处白蜡树感染的区域内建立了带状和随后脱落的白蜡树检测树网格。研究人员调查了整个项目区的灰分布和丰度，包括公共和私人林地、州立公园和一个小城市的街道树木。从2008年到2011年，EAB的传播率，根据幼虫在环形检测树中的存在情况，估计在较大的（可能是较老的）虫害中为1.2-1.7 km /年，在较小的虫害中为0.4-0.7 km /年；表明种群建立初期传播速度较慢。2009年至2011年，在项目区共587棵白蜡树树干上注射了高效、全身性的甲维菌素苯甲酸酯杀虫剂。采用模拟模型和观测传播的简单描述模型，评价了环白蜡树和系统杀虫剂处理对EAB传播的潜在影响。毫不奇怪，用杀虫剂处理过的树木密度太低，无法对EAB的传播产生可检测的影响。然而，尽管树形树的密度也相对较低，但模型结果表明，EAB在含有树形树的地区的传播减少了。
Information on the pattern and rate of spread for invasive wood- and phloem-feeding insects, including the emerald ash borer (EAB) (Agrilus planipennisFairmaire), is relatively limited, largely because of the difficulty of detecting subcortical insects at low densities. From 2008 to 2011, grids of girdled and subsequently debarked ash (Fraxinusspp.) detection trees were established across a >390 km2area encompassing two recently established EAB infestations in Michigan as part of the SLow Ash Mortality (SLAM) Pilot Project. Ash distribution and abundance were inventoried across the project area which included public and private forestland, a state park, and street trees in a small municipality. Spread rates of EAB from 2008 to 2011, based on larval presence in girdled detection trees, were estimated to be 1.2–1.7 km yr−1in the larger, presumably older, infestation and 0.4–0.7 km yr−1in the smaller infestation; suggesting a slower spread rate during the initial stages of population establishment. From 2009 to 2011, a total of 587 ash trees in the project area were trunk-injected with a highly effective, systemic emamectin benzoate insecticide. Potential effects of girdled ash trees and the systemic insecticide treatment on EAB spread were evaluated using a simulation model and a simple descriptive model of observed spread. Not surprisingly, density of trees treated with the insecticide was too low to exert a detectable effect on EAB spread. However, while the density of girdled trees was also relatively low, model results indicated a reduced spread of EAB out of areas containing girdled trees.