Intuition and expertise: comments on the Benner debate.
Intuition and expertise: comments on the Benner debate.
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直觉和专业知识：对本纳辩论的评论。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb00035.x
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
J. Paley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Paley
通过对帕特里夏·本纳最近的两次工作评价的考察，我们探索了当前护理理论中“科学”和“现象学”之间的裂痕。本纳最近在海德格尔的框架内提出了一个技能获得模型。英格利希从认知心理学的角度对本纳的观点进行了批判；而达比郡则对他所说的“实证主义”攻击进行了辩护。本文并未试图直接评价本纳的工作，但分析了达比希尔对《批判》的反应；并注意到，在为自己辩护时，他援引了一个概念网络，他将其归因于“客观科学的传统观念”，并指责英格利希赞同这种观念。有人认为，这种笛卡尔的世界观是一个过时的神话，在过去的30年里被科学哲学所取代，并且是基于修辞而不是科学实践的现实。因此，护理没有义务在“实证主义”和一种哲学之间做出选择，后者的主要优点是它代表了对实证主义的“挑战”。相反，它可以通过借鉴不是基于本世纪中叶的思想，而是基于对科学本质的更现代理解，来为研究和理论建立科学基础。
The rift between "science' and "phenomenology' in current nursing theory is explored through an examination of two recent evaluations of the work of Patricia Benner, who has proposed a model of skill acquisition, latterly within a Heideggerian framework. English offers a critique of Benner's ideas from the perspective of cognitive psychology; while Darbyshire defends them against what he describes as a "positivist' attack. No attempt is made, in this paper, to evaluate Benner's work directly, but Darbyshire's response to the "critique' is analysed; and it is noted that, in making his defence, he invokes a network of concepts which he ascribes to a "traditional notion of objective science', and accuses English of subscribing to it. It is suggested that this "Cartesian' worldview is an outmoded myth, superseded by the philosophy of science during the last 30 years, and based on the rhetoric rather than the reality of scientific practice. Nursing is not, therefore, obliged to choose between "positivism' and a philosophy whose chief virtue is that it represents a "challenge' to positivism. It could instead build a scientific basis for research and theory by drawing, not on mid-century thinking, but on a more contemporary understanding of the nature of science.