Invasiveness risk of the tropical biofuel crop J atropha curcas L. into adjacent land use systems: from the rumors to the experimental facts
Invasiveness risk of the tropical biofuel crop J atropha curcas L. into adjacent land use systems: from the rumors to the experimental facts
复制标题
热带生物燃料作物麻疯树入侵邻近土地利用系统的风险：从谣言到实验事实
DOI：
10.1111/gcbb.12011
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Negussie A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Negussie A
麻风树生产富含适合生产生物柴油的非食用油的种子，但它被归类为侵入性的。尽管未经科学证实，这一指控已导致多个国家禁止种植。在本文中，我们报告了赞比亚入侵性研究的一系列综合观察和实验结果。我们研究了 J 的影响。对邻近土地利用系统进行麻疯树种植，重点关注幼苗的自发发生、种子传播机制、动物对种子的捕食以及传播种子的发芽成功率。在 J 附近的土地利用系统中没有观察到自发再生。麻疯树种植园。初级种子的传播是有限的，主要是在母株的冠层下。啮齿动物和鼩鼱分散并被捕食。麻疯树和水果。他们将种子运送到距离源头 23 m 远的地方，并将它们重新放置在深达 0.7 m 的洞穴中，但这些种子都无法扎根。在邻近土地利用系统中进行的发芽实验显示，土壤表面的发芽成功率为 4%，如果人工埋藏在 1-2 厘米深，则发芽成功率为 65%，但后者在自然条件下不太可能发生。这些发现表明，J.麻疯树可能被动物散布到邻近的土地利用系统，但由于地表发芽率低且洞穴中没有发芽，因此没有观察到自然补充。总而言之，这些结果表明，至少在调查的案例研究中，该工厂目前并未表现出对邻近土地利用系统入侵的较高风险。但还需要在其他种植地区进行更长期的研究来证实这些结果。
Jatropha curcasL. produces seeds rich in non‐edible oil suitable for biodiesel but it has been categorized as invasive. Although not scientifically verified, this allegation has resulted in a cultivation ban in several countries. In this article we report an integrated series of observations and experimental findings from invasiveness research in Zambia. We studied the impacts ofJ. curcasplantations on adjacent land use systems focusing on spontaneous occurrence of seedlings, seed dispersal mechanisms, seed predation by animals, and germination success of dispersed seeds. No spontaneous regeneration was observed in land use systems adjacent toJ. curcasplantations. Primary seed dispersal was limited, predominantly under the canopy of the mother plant. Rodents and shrews dispersed and predatedJ. curcasseeds and fruits. They transported the seeds up to 23 m from the sources and repositioned them in their burrows up to 0.7 m deep, but none of these seeds could establish. Germination experiments in adjacent land use systems revealed 4% germination success at the soil surface, and 65% if buried artificially at 1–2 cm depth, yet the latter is unlikely to occur under natural conditions. These findings show thatJ. curcasseeds may be dispersed by animals to adjacent land use systems, but no natural recruitment was observed given low germination on the surface and none in burrows. Altogether these results suggest that the plant currently does not show an elevated risk of invasion to adjacent land use systems, at least in the investigated case study. But more long‐term studies, also in other growing areas are needed to corroborate these results.