Signatures of Chiral Magnetic Effect in the Collisions of Isobars
Signatures of Chiral Magnetic Effect in the Collisions of Isobars
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等量线碰撞中手性磁效应的特征
DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.125.242301
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Jinfeng Liao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shuzhe Shi;Hui Zhang;De-fu Hou;Jinfeng Liao
量子异常是手性费米子的一个基本特征。在手性材料中，微观异常导致了非平凡的宏观输运过程，如手性磁效应（CME），这是最近物理界关注的焦点。在相对论性核碰撞中产生的夸克-胶子等离子体（QGP）提供了由内在相对论性手性费米子组成的手性物质的独特例子。在QGP中发现CME的可能性是非常重要的，在过去的十年中进行了广泛的实验搜索。2018年进行了一项决定性的新对撞机实验，致力于探测等压线碰撞中的CME，目前正在进行分析。在这篇文章中，我们开发了最先进的理论工具来描述这些碰撞中的CME现象，并提出了适当的等压线减法策略，以获得最佳的背景去除。在此基础上，我们对等压线碰撞中CME的特征进行了定量预测。一个新的和强大的观察，是独立于轴向电荷不确定度-等压线减去γ和δ-相关系数之间的比率-被发现是-（0.41±0.27）的事件面测量和-（0.90±0.45）的反应面测量。
Quantum anomaly is a fundamental feature of chiral fermions. In chiral materials, the microscopic anomaly leads to nontrivial macroscopic transport processes such as the chiral magnetic effect (CME), which has been in the spotlight lately across disciplines of physics. The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in relativistic nuclear collisions provides the unique example of a chiral material consisting of intrinsically relativistic chiral fermions. Potential discovery of CME in QGP is of utmost significance, with extensive experimental searches carried out over the past decade. A decisive new collider experiment, dedicated to detecting CME in the collisions of isobars, was performed in 2018 with analysis now underway. In this Letter, we develop the state-of-the-art theoretical tool for describing CME phenomena in these collisions and propose an appropriate isobar subtraction strategy for best background removal. Based on that, we make quantitative predictions for signatures of CME in the collisions of isobars. A new and robust observable that is independent of axial charge uncertainty-the ratio between isobar-subtracted γ- and δ- correlators-is found to be -(0.41±0.27) for event-plane measurement and -(0.90±0.45) for reaction-plane measurement.