Smoking during teenage pregnancies: Effects on behavioral problems in offspring
Smoking during teenage pregnancies: Effects on behavioral problems in offspring
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DOI：
10.1080/14622200701416971
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Day, Nancy L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cornelius, Marie D.;Goldschmidt, Lidush;Day, Nancy L.
我们前瞻性地研究了357名未成年母亲的后代的出生队列中产前烟草暴露（PTE）与儿童行为之间的关系。PTE定义为整个妊娠期间的任何暴露，在单独分析中，每个妊娠期内的暴露。结果包括行为问题，活动和注意力的措施。这些儿童平均年龄为6.4岁，48%为女性，69%为黑人。产前和产后收集了有关产妇烟草和其他物质使用的数据：46%的母亲在怀孕前三个月吸烟，58%的母亲在六年后吸烟。儿童尿可替宁测量暴露于环境烟草烟雾（ETS）。进行逐步多元回归分析。PTE预测显着增加后代的活动;冲动;和侵略，外化，和总的行为问题的步骤1。当母亲的心理特征，家庭环境和ETS被添加时，PTE仍然是活动增加的重要预测因子。结果是相似的，当PTE检查由孕期，虽然怀孕后期烟草暴露预测最行为的结果。在最终的模型中，PTE（所有三个月）和PTE（中期妊娠）分别是活动增加和注意力问题的重要预测因子。儿童行为的其他预测因素包括母亲的焦虑、抑郁、敌意和家庭环境。当考虑PTE时，ETS不是儿童行为的显著预测因子。在控制了产前和当前环境的协变量后，青少年怀孕期间吸烟是其后代活动和注意力问题增加的一个重要预测因素。建议对这一人群进行戒烟干预，以避免PTE对怀孕青少年后代的影响。这一点特别重要，因为这些母亲可能会再次怀孕，许多人在成熟时会增加烟草使用水平。
We prospectively examined the relationship between prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE) and child behavior in a birth cohort of 357 offspring of teenage mothers. PTE was defined as any exposure across pregnancy and, in separate analyses, exposure within each trimester. Outcomes included measures of behavior problems, activity, and attention. On average, the children were 6.4 years of age, 48% were females, and 69% were Black. Data on maternal tobacco and other substance use were collected prenatally and postnatally: 46% of the mothers smoked in the first trimester and 58(% smoked 6 years later. Child urinary cotinine measured exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Stepwise multiple regressions were run. PTE predicted significantly increased offspring activity; impulsivity; and aggression, externalizing, and total behavior problems in step 1. PTE remained a significant predictor of increased activity when maternal psychological characteristics, home environment, and ETS were added. The results were similar when PTE was examined by trimesters, although later pregnancy tobacco exposure predicted the most behavioral outcomes. In the final model, PTE (all three trimesters) and PTE (second trimester) were significant predictors of increased activity and attention problems, respectively. Other predictors of child behavior included maternal anxiety, depression, hostility, and home environment. ETS was not a significant predictor of child behavior when PTE was considered. Smoking during pregnancy among adolescents is a significant predictor of increased activity and attention problems in their offspring after controlling for covariates in the prenatal and current environments. Smoking cessation interventions are recommended for this population to avoid the effects of PTE on the offspring of pregnant adolescents. This is particularly important because these mothers will likely become pregnant again and many will increase their level of tobacco use as they mature.