Drivers of vegetation change in grasslands of the Sheffield region, northern England, between 1965 and 2012/13
Drivers of vegetation change in grasslands of the Sheffield region, northern England, between 1965 and 2012/13
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DOI：
10.1111/avsc.12206
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
C. Stevens;Tobias Ceulemans;J. Hodgson;S. Jarvis;J. P. Grime;S. Smart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Stevens;Tobias Ceulemans;J. Hodgson;S. Jarvis;J. P. Grime;S. Smart
摘要问题1965年至2012/13年间，酸性和石灰质草原的植被物种多样性和物种组成发生了怎样的变化？是什么推动了植被的变化？位置英格兰北方谢菲尔德周围2400平方公里的区域。方法1965年对谢菲尔德地区的草地植被进行了调查。我们在2012/13年重复了这项调查，重新访问了酸性和石灰质草原站点（455个样方）。气候、氮和硫沉降、牛羊放牧率、土壤pH值、海拔、坡向和坡度被认为是植被变化的潜在驱动因素。我们分析了植被的时间变化，并研究了驱动变量的空间和时间变化的关系。结果酸性草原和石灰性草原的物种组成在两个时间段之间都有明显的变化。在酸性草原，丰富度没有显着变化，但有下降的多样性。Ellenberg N.氮沉降和放牧被确定为空间和时间模式的潜在驱动因素，但不可能区分潜在驱动因素各自的影响。在石灰性草地上，物种丰富度、多样性和适宜的多样性指数均呈下降趋势。气候和土壤pH值被确定为空间和时间模式的潜在驱动因素。结论尽管只有小网站损失相比，在英国的其他调查，特别是在国家公园，石灰质和酸性草原物种组成的变化非常明显。在酸性草原，高丰度的蕨菜是一个特殊的问题，并大大增加了两个调查期间。大气氮沉降和放牧被认为是物种多样性的驱动因素。一些石灰质草地显示出减少管理强度的迹象，导致灌木入侵。
Abstract Questions How has vegetation species diversity and species composition changed between 1965 and 2012/13 in acidic and calcareous grasslands? What has driven this change in vegetation? Location A 2400-km2 area around Sheffield, northern England. Methods In 1965 a survey was conducted to describe grassland vegetation of the Sheffield region. We repeated this survey in 2012/13, revisiting acidic and calcareous grassland sites (455 quadrats). Climate, N and sulphur deposition, cattle and sheep stocking rates, soil pH, altitude, aspect and slope were considered to be potential drivers of variation in vegetation. We analysed temporal changes in vegetation and examined relationships with spatial and temporal variation in driver variables. Results Both acidic and calcareous grasslands showed clear changes in species composition between the two time periods. In acidic grasslands there was no significant change in richness but there were declines in diversity. There were significant increases in Ellenberg N. Nitrogen deposition and grazing were identified as potential drivers of spatial and temporal patterns but it was not possible to discriminate the respective impacts of potential drivers. In calcareous grasslands there were declines in species richness, diversity and appropriate diversity indices. Climate and soil pH were identified as potential drivers of spatial and temporal patterns. Conclusions Despite only small site losses compared to other surveys in the UK, especially within the national park, both calcareous and acidic grasslands showed very clear changes in species composition. In acidic grasslands, high abundance of Pteridium aquilinum was a particular problem and had increased considerably between the two survey periods. Atmospheric N deposition and grazing were identified as drivers of species diversity. A number of calcareous grasslands showed signs of reduced management intensity leading to scrub invasion.