Impacts of species-led conservation on ecosystem services of wetlands: understanding co-benefits and tradeoffs
Impacts of species-led conservation on ecosystem services of wetlands: understanding co-benefits and tradeoffs
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DOI：
10.1007/s10531-011-9998-y
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Gill, Jennifer A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fisher, Brendan;Bradbury, Richard B.;Gill, Jennifer A.
生物多样性保护组织最近开始考虑其活动的更广泛的生态系统服务背景。虽然文献表明，生物多样性保护和生态系统服务的提供重叠的“双赢”局面的潜力，经验证据是不够的。在这里，我们探讨的作用，物种为主导的管理，在文化景观的生物多样性的好处，可以在提供更广泛的生态系统服务。我们使用英国低地湿地作为案例研究，并显示如何成功地交付物种为主导的保护，通过管理干预依赖于实践，可以影响温室气体通量，水质和监管，以及文化效益。在这些湿地中，牲畜放牧对水和温室气体相关服务有潜在的巨大影响，但在不损害物种目标的情况下改变管理的余地很小。同样，在不损害保护目标的情况下改变芦苇床管理的可能性很小。有一些改变林地和灌木管理的潜力，但由于实行这种管理的面积相对较小，这可能影响有限。水位的管理可能对若干服务的提供产生很大影响，似乎确实有一定的余地使这一目标与生物多样性目标相一致。要全面了解这些干预措施对社会的净成本和效益，就需要进行精细的研究，将生态、经济和社会科学研究结合起来。然而，对潜在成本和效益的分析性理解较少，可以突出说明主要为实现生物多样性保护目标的土地管理可能被修改以加强其他生态系统服务的提供的方式。
Biodiversity conservation organisations have recently begun to consider a wider ecosystem services context for their activities. While the literature suggests the potential of 'win-win' situations where biodiversity conservation and the delivery of ecosystem services overlap, empirical evidence is wanting. Here we explore the role that species-led management for the benefit of biodiversity in cultural landscapes can play in the delivery of wider ecosystem services. We use UK lowland wetlands as a case study and show how successful delivery of species-led conservation through management interventions relies on practices that can affect greenhouse gas fluxes, water quality and regulation, and cultural benefits. In these wetlands, livestock grazing has potentially large effects on water and greenhouse gas related services, but there is little scope to alter management without compromising species objectives. Likewise, there is little potential to alter reedbed management without compromising conservation objectives. There is some potential to alter woodland and scrub management, but this would likely have limited influence due to the relatively small area over which such management is practiced. The management of water levels potentially has large effects on provision of several services and there does appear to be some scope to align this objective with biodiversity objectives. A comprehensive understanding of the net costs and benefits to society of these interventions will require fine-grained research integrating ecological, economic and social science research. However, a less analytic understanding of the potential costs and benefits can highlight ways by which land management principally to achieve biodiversity conservation objectives might be modified to enhance delivery of other ecosystem services.