Restoration of function after brain damage using a neural prosthesis
Restoration of function after brain damage using a neural prosthesis
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1316885110
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发表时间：
2013-12-24
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Nudo, Randolph J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guggenmos, David J.;Azin, Meysam;Nudo, Randolph J.
神经接口系统对于大脑修复策略变得越来越可行。本文测试的假设，脑损伤后的恢复可以促进神经假体作为一个遥远的位置之间的通信联系在大脑皮层。在大鼠局灶性脑损伤模型中，大脑皮层中的初级运动区受损，破坏了运动区和躯体感觉区之间的通信，并导致达到和抓握能力受损。在大脑皮层中植入微电极后，神经假体在随后的几周内连续识别运动前皮层中的动作电位（尖峰），从而触发体感皮层中的电刺激。在1周内，而接受尖峰触发的刺激，大鼠表现出显着改善达到和把握功能，是无法区分的病变前水平由2周。对刺激诱发的尖峰的事后分析提供了令人信服的证据，即神经假体增强了两个目标区域之间的功能连接。这项概念验证研究表明，神经接口系统可以有效地用于在功能上桥接受损的神经通路，并促进脑损伤后的恢复。
Neural interface systems are becoming increasingly more feasible for brain repair strategies. This paper tests the hypothesis that recovery after brain injury can be facilitated by a neural prosthesis serving as a communication link between distant locations in the cerebral cortex. The primary motor area in the cerebral cortex was injured in a rat model of focal brain injury, disrupting communication between motor and somatosensory areas and resulting in impaired reaching and grasping abilities. After implantation of microelectrodes in cerebral cortex, a neural prosthesis discriminated action potentials (spikes) in premotor cortex that triggered electrical stimulation in somatosensory cortex continuously over subsequent weeks. Within 1 wk, while receiving spike-triggered stimulation, rats showed substantially improved reaching and grasping functions that were indistinguishable from prelesion levels by 2 wk. Post hoc analysis of the spikes evoked by the stimulation provides compelling evidence that the neural prosthesis enhanced functional connectivity between the two target areas. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that neural interface systems can be used effectively to bridge damaged neural pathways functionally and promote recovery after brain injury.