Characteristics of hepatic progenitor cells during liver development and regeneration.
Characteristics of hepatic progenitor cells during liver development and regeneration.
复制标题
肝脏发育和再生过程中肝祖细胞的特征。
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-46693-4_1
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chikada H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kamiya A;Chikada H.
肝脏是体内最大的器官，具有维持体内平衡的重要功能。肝实质细胞、肝细胞和胆管细胞起源于肝祖细胞。肝祖细胞在胎儿肝脏中期源自前肠内胚层的早期肝芽中增殖，并在胎儿晚期和出生后肝脏中分化为成熟细胞。肝脏非实质细胞，如星状细胞、门静脉成纤维细胞、肝窦内皮细胞和枯否细胞被认为对肝祖细胞的增殖和分化很重要。我们课题组最近建立了一种新的集落形成分析系统，涉及与间充质细胞共培养，并研究了调节肝祖细胞特性的机制。 MEK-ERK 信号通路通常参与细胞周期的进程。然而，MEK-ERK 信号的高度激活通过 p16/19cdkn2a 的诱导抑制肝祖细胞的长期增殖。此外，还使用敲入小鼠模型和我们的共培养系统定义了一种新的干/祖细胞标记，即脑表达 X 连锁 2 (Bex2)。 Bex2 在胎儿和成人受损肝脏的祖细胞部分中表达。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了胚胎发育和肝再生过程中肝祖细胞的特征。
Liver is the largest organ in the body and performs the important function of maintaining homeostasis. The liver parenchymal cells, hepatocytes, and cholangiocytes originate from the hepatic progenitor cells. Hepatic progenitor cells proliferate in the early liver bud, derived from the foregut endoderm during the mid-fetal liver stage, and differentiate into mature cells in the late-fetal and postnatal liver. The liver non-parenchymal cells such as the stellate cells, portal fibroblasts, sinusoidal endothelial cells, and Kupffer cells are considered important for the proliferation and differentiation of hepatic progenitor cells. Our group recently established a new colony forming assay system that involved co-culturing with mesenchymal cells and studied the mechanisms regulating the characteristics of the hepatic progenitor cells. The MEK-ERK signaling pathway is usually involved in the progression of the cell cycle. However, high activation of MEK-ERK signal suppresses long-term proliferation of hepatic progenitor cells through the induction of p16/19cdkn2a. In addition, a new stem/progenitor cell marker, brain expressed X-linked 2 (Bex2), has been defined using knock-in mouse model and our co-culture system. Bex2 is expressed in the progenitor cell fraction, in both fetal and adult injured livers. In this review, we discuss about the characteristics of liver progenitor cells during embryonic development and liver regeneration.